Propulsion Systems Modeling

Book chapter, 2012

The present text draws attention to three interrelated topics; aero engine system simulation, evaluation of losses through exergy analysis and the search for more energy efficient power plants. The first chapter reviews the historical development of simulation tools, with an emphasis on generic programs, and discusses efficient numerical solution techniques and suitable solvers. A short discussion on multidisciplinary optimization tools is given. The chapter also briefly reviews the state of the art in terms of commercially available software for aero engine simulation and discusses the needs and uses in industrial applications. The second chapter introduces the concept of exergy analysis and develops the necessary equations for applying the theory to evaluate losses in aero engines. The third chapter pursues future ultra efficient engines designed for an estimated 2050 technology level. The analysis is based on mission optimization starting with a conventional three shaft engine. The concept of exergy analysis is then used to show where in the cycle that major efficiency improvements of such an engine can be accomplished. This is followed by a discussion on a number of cycle innovations that can target the observed losses. Optimization is used to quantify the improvement potential.