The XXL Survey II. The bright cluster sample: catalogue and luminosity function
Review article, 2016
Context. The XXL Survey is the largest survey carried out by the XMM-Newton satellite and covers a total area of 50 square degrees distributed over two fields. It primarily aims at investigating the large-scale structures of the Universe using the distribution of galaxy clusters and active galactic nuclei as tracers of the matter distribution. The survey will ultimately uncover several hundreds of galaxy clusters out to a redshift of similar to 2 at a sensitivity of similar to 10 (14) erg s (1) cm (2) in the [0.5-2] keV band. Aims. This article presents the XXL bright cluster sample, a subsample of 100 galaxy clusters selected from the full XXL catalogue by setting a lower limit of 3 x 10(-1)4 erg s(-1) cm(-2) on the source flux within a 1' aperture. Methods. The selection function was estimated using a mixture of Monte Carlo simulations and analytical recipes that closely reproduce the source selection process. An extensive spectroscopic follow-up provided redshifts for 97 of the 100 clusters. We derived accurate X-ray parameters for all the sources. Scaling relations were self-consistently derived from the same sample in other publications of the series. On this basis, we study the number density, luminosity function, and spatial distribution of the sample. Results. The bright cluster sample consists of systems with masses between M-500 = 7 x 10(13) and 3 x 10(14) M-circle dot, mostly located between z = 0.1 and 0.5. The observed sky density of clusters is slightly below the predictions from the WMAP9 model, and significantly below the prediction from the Planck 2015 cosmology. In general, within the current uncertainties of the cluster mass calibration, models with higher values of sigma(8) and/or Omega(M) appear more difficult to accommodate. We provide tight constraints on the cluster differential luminosity function and find no hint of evolution out to z similar to 1. We also find strong evidence for the presence of large-scale structures in the XXL bright cluster sample and identify five new superclusters. ELL GO, 1989, ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES, V70, P1
surveys
large-scale structure of Universe cosmological parameters
galaxies: clusters: intracluster medium
X-rays: galaxies: clusters
Author
F. Pacaud
University of Bonn
N. Clerc
Max Planck Society
P. Giles
University of Bristol
C. Adami
Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille
T. Sadibekova
The French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission (CEA)
M. Pierre
The French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission (CEA)
B. Maughan
University of Bristol
M. Lieu
University of Birmingham
J. P. Le Fevre
The French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission (CEA)
S. Alis
Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (UNS)
Istanbul University
B. Altiéri
European Space Astronomy Centre (ESAC)
F. Ardila
University of Florida
I. Baldry
Liverpool John Moores University
C. Benoist
Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (UNS)
M. Birkinshaw
University of Bristol
L. Chiappetti
Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)
J. Democles
University of Birmingham
D. Eckert
University of Geneva
A. E. Evrard
University of Michigan
L. Faccioli
The French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission (CEA)
F. Gastaldello
Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)
L. Guennou
University of KwaZulu-Natal
Cathy Horellou
Chalmers, Earth and Space Sciences, Radio Astronomy and Astrophysics
A. Iovino
Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)
E. Koulouridis
The French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission (CEA)
National Observatory of Athens
V. Le Brun
Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille
C. Lidman
Australian Astronomical Observatory
J. Liske
European Southern Observatory (ESO)
S. Maurogordato
Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (UNS)
F. Menanteau
University of Illinois
M. Owers
Macquarie University
Australian Astronomical Observatory
B. Poggianti
Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)
D. Pomarede
The French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission (CEA)
E. Pompei
European Southern Observatory Santiago
T. J. Ponman
University of Birmingham
D. Rapetti
Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich (LMU)
Niels Bohr Institute
T. H. Reiprich
University of Bonn
G. P. Smith
University of Birmingham
R. Tuffs
Max Planck Society
P. Valageas
Institut de Physique Theorique
I. Valtchanov
European Space Astronomy Centre (ESAC)
J. Willis
University of Victoria
F. Ziparo
University of Birmingham
Astronomy and Astrophysics
0004-6361 (ISSN) 1432-0746 (eISSN)
Vol. 592 A2Subject Categories
Astronomy, Astrophysics and Cosmology
Roots
Basic sciences
DOI
10.1051/0004-6361/201526891