Hotspot identification in the clothing industry using social life cycle assessment - opportunities and challenges of input-output modelling
Journal article, 2018
The case study was based on the SLCA methodology provided in the Guidelines for Social Life Cycle Assessment of Products (BenoIt and Mazijn 2009). An input/output model was used to define the product system from cradle to gate. The negative social hotspots were evaluated for a set of social indicators that were selected by consumers. The impact assessment was conducted on a sector and country level by using the Social Hotspots Database. The identified sectors of the economy with high and very high levels of risk were listed for each social indicator.
The results pinpointed some hotspots throughout the supply chain for Swedish clothing consumption. Some unexpected sectors such as commerce and business services in Bangladesh were identified as important hotspots as well as main sectors in the production phase such as plant fibres, textiles and garments that would be expected also on the bases of a traditional process analysis. A sensitivity analysis on different cut-off values showed the extent to which the choice of cut-off rule can directly affect the results via influence over the number of country-specific sectors (CSSs) in the product system. The influence of the hotspot definition was investigated by evaluating the working hour intensity for low- and medium-risk levels for three different indicators. The results show that for child labour, 92 % of the share of working hours was associated with low- and medium-risk levels. Therefore, the evaluation of risk levels other than high and very high can provide a more complete picture of the hotspots.
The application of input/output-based SLCA on the clothing production supply chain provided a more complete picture of the social hotspots than with traditional process-based SLCA. Some unexpected sectors related to commerce and business appeared as social hotspots in the clothing industry. The study explored some important parameters in applying an input/output-based SLCA. The results show that the cut-off values and definition of hotspots in relation to risk levels can directly influence the results.
SHDB
SLCA
Social Hotspots Database
Fashion
Social Hotspot identification
Social impact
Author
Bahareh Zamani
Chalmers, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chemical Technology
Gustav A Sandin
SP Sveriges Tekniska Forskningsinstitut AB
Magdalena Svanström
Chalmers, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chemical Technology
Gregory Peters
Chalmers, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chemical Technology
International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment
0948-3349 (ISSN) 1614-7502 (eISSN)
Vol. 23 3 536-546Driving Forces
Sustainable development
Subject Categories
Environmental Management
Textile, Rubber and Polymeric Materials
DOI
10.1007/s11367-016-1113-x