Association of types of dietary fats and all-cause and cause-specific mortality: A prospective cohort study and meta-analysis of prospective studies with 1,164,029 participants
Journal article, 2020
Background:Associations between dietary fats and mortality are unclear.
Methods: We evaluated the relationship between quartiles of total fat, mono-unsaturated (MUFA), polyunsaturated (PUFA) and saturated fatty acid (SFA) consumption, and all-cause, coronary heart disease (CHD), stroke, and type 2 diabetes (T2D)-associated mortality in 24,144 participants from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES) 1999-2010. We added our results to a meta-analysis based on searches until November 2018.
Results: In fully adjusted Cox-proportional hazard models in our prospective study, there was an inverse association between total fat (HR: 0.90, 95% confidence interval 0.82, 0.99, Q4 vs Q1) and PUFA (0.81, 0.78-0.84) consumption and all-cause mortality, whereas SFA were associated with the increased mortality (1.08, 1.04-1.11). In the meta-analysis of 29 prospective cohorts (n = 1,164,029) we found a significant inverse association between total fat (0.89, 0.82-0.97), MUFA (0.94, 0.89-0.99) and PUFA (0.89, 0.84-0.94) consumption and all-cause mortality. No association was observed between total fat and CVD (0.93, 0.80-1.08) or CHD mortality (1.03 0.99-1.09). A significant association between SFA intake and CHD mortality (1.10, 1.01-1.21) was observed. Neither MUFA nor PUFA were associated with CVD or CHD mortality. Inverse associations were observed between MUFA (0.80, 0.67-0.96) and PUFA (0.84, 0.80-0.90) intakes and stroke mortality.
Conclusions: We showed differential associations of total fat, MUFA and PUFA with all-cause mortality, but not CVD or CHD mortalities. SFA was associated with higher all-cause mortality in NHANES and with CHD mortality in our meta-analysis. The type of fat intake appears to be associated with important health outcomes. (C) 2020 Elsevier Ltd and European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism.
Diabetes
Meta-analysis
Stroke
Mortality
Coronary heart disease
Dietary fats
Author
Mohsen Mazidi
King's College London
Dimitri P. Mikhailidis
University College London (UCL)
Naveed Sattar
University of Glasgow
Peter P. Toth
Johns Hopkins University
CGH Medical Center
Suzanne Judd
University of Birmingham
Michael J. Blaha
Johns Hopkins University
Adrian V. Hernandez
University of Connecticut
UPC Univ Peruana Ciencias Aplicadas
Peter E. Penson
Liverpool John Moores University
Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science (LCCS)
Maciej Banach
Medical University of Lodz
Polish Mother's Memorial Hospital Research Institute
University of Zielona Góra
Clinical Nutrition
0261-5614 (ISSN) 15321983 (eISSN)
Vol. 39 12 3677-3686Subject Categories
Other Clinical Medicine
Cardiac and Cardiovascular Systems
Nutrition and Dietetics
DOI
10.1016/j.clnu.2020.03.028
PubMed
32307197