TOI-1749: an M dwarf with a Trio of Planets including a Near-resonant Pair
Journal article, 2021
We report the discovery of one super-Earth- (TOI-1749b) and two sub-Neptune-sized planets (TOI-1749c and TOI-1749d) transiting an early M dwarf at a distance of 100 pc, which were first identified as planetary candidates using data from the TESS photometric survey. We have followed up this system from the ground by means of multiband transit photometry, adaptive optics imaging, and low-resolution spectroscopy, from which we have validated the planetary nature of the candidates. We find that TOI-1749b, c, and d have orbital periods of 2.39, 4.49, and 9.05 days, and radii of 1.4, 2.1, and 2.5 R (circle plus), respectively. We also place 95% confidence upper limits on the masses of 57, 14, and 15 M (circle plus) for TOI-1749b, c, and d, respectively, from transit timing variations. The periods, sizes, and tentative masses of these planets are in line with a scenario in which all three planets initially had a hydrogen envelope on top of a rocky core, and only the envelope of the innermost planet has been stripped away by photoevaporation and/or core-powered mass-loss mechanisms. These planets are similar to other planetary trios found around M dwarfs, such as TOI-175b,c,d and TOI-270b,c,d, in the sense that the outer pair has a period ratio within 1% of 2. Such a characteristic orbital configuration, in which an additional planet is located interior to a near 2:1 period-ratio pair, is relatively rare around FGK dwarfs.
Author
A. Fukui
University of Tokyo
Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias
Judith Korth
Chalmers, Space, Earth and Environment, Astronomy and Plasmaphysics
J. H. Livingston
University of Tokyo
J. D. Twicken
National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
SETI Institute
M. R. Zapatero Osorio
Spanish National Research Council (CSIC)
J. M. Jenkins
National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
M. Mori
University of Tokyo
F. Murgas
University of La Laguna
Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias
M. Ogihara
National Astronomical Observatory of Japan
Tokyo Institute of Technology
N. Narita
Japan Science and Technology Agency
Astrobiology Center, Japan
University of Tokyo
Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias
E. Palle
University of La Laguna
Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias
K. G. Stassun
Fisk University
Vanderbilt University
G. Nowak
University of La Laguna
Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias
D. R. Ciardi
California Institute of Technology (Caltech)
L. Alvarez-Hernandez
University of La Laguna
V. J. S. Bejar
Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias
University of La Laguna
N. Casasayas-Barris
Leiden University
N. Crouzet
European Space Research and Technology Centre (ESA ESTEC)
J. P. de Leon
University of Tokyo
E. Esparza-Borges
University of La Laguna
D. Hidalgo Soto
Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias
University of La Laguna
K. Isogai
Kyoto University
University of Tokyo
K. Kawauchi
University of Tokyo
Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias
P. Klagyivik
German Aerospace Center (DLR)
T. Kodama
University of Tokyo
S. Kurita
University of Tokyo
N. Kusakabe
National Astronomical Observatory of Japan
Astrobiology Center, Japan
R. Luque
Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias
Spanish National Research Council (CSIC)
University of La Laguna
A. Madrigal-Aguado
University of La Laguna
Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias
P. Montanes Rodriguez
Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias
University of La Laguna
Giuseppe Morello
University of La Laguna
Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias
T. Nishiumi
Astrobiology Center, Japan
The Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI)
J. Orell-Miquel
University of La Laguna
Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias
M. Oshagh
University of La Laguna
Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias
H. Parviainen
University of La Laguna
Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias
M. Sanchez-Benavente
University of La Laguna
Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias
M. Stangret
Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias
University of La Laguna
Y. Terada
Academia Sinica
National Taiwan University
N. Watanabe
University of Tokyo
G. Chen
Chinese Academy of Sciences
M. Tamura
University of Tokyo
Astrobiology Center, Japan
National Astronomical Observatory of Japan
P. Bosch-Cabot
Albanyà Astronomical Observatory
M. Bowen
George Mason University
K. Eastridge
George Mason University
L. Freour
Technical University of Denmark (DTU)
E. Gonzales
University of California at Santa Cruz
P. Guerra
Albanyà Astronomical Observatory
Y. Jundiyeh
Technical University of Denmark (DTU)
T. K. Kim
Thomas Jefferson High School
George Mason University
Kroer
Technical University of Denmark (DTU)
A. M. Levine
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
E. H. Morgan
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
M. Reefe
George Mason University
R. Tronsgaard
Technical University of Denmark (DTU)
C. K. Wedderkopp
Technical University of Denmark (DTU)
J. Wittrock
George Mason University
K. A. Collins
Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics
K. Hesse
Wesleyan University
D. W. Latham
Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics
G. R. Ricker
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
S. Seager
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
R. Vanderspek
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
J. Winn
Princeton University
E. Bachelet
Las Cumbres Observatory Global Telescope Network
M. Bowman
Las Cumbres Observatory Global Telescope Network
C. McCully
Las Cumbres Observatory Global Telescope Network
M. Daily
Las Cumbres Observatory Global Telescope Network
D. Harbeck
Las Cumbres Observatory Global Telescope Network
N. H. Volgenau
Las Cumbres Observatory Global Telescope Network
Astronomical Journal
0004-6256 (ISSN) 1538-3881 (eISSN)
Vol. 162 4 167Subject Categories (SSIF 2011)
Subatomic Physics
Astronomy, Astrophysics and Cosmology
Other Physics Topics
DOI
10.3847/1538-3881/ac13a5