Characterization methods and modelling for Li-ion batteries: entropy, impedance, pressure, diffusivity & temperature swings induced aging
Doctoral thesis, 2022

Lithium-ion batteries are commonly used for energy storage systems, and temperature is one key impact factor on the cell performance and lifetime. In literature, the focus has been on the ambient temperature of the test condition, and there is little discussion about how the temperature swing during cycling affects the battery lifetime. In this study, lithium-ion cells are cycled with the same current but different temperature swings for more than two years. The results show that the cells cycled with a high temperature swing aged faster. Moreover, pure thermal cycling does not introduce significant aging to the cell.

During the study, a series of characterization methods were also developed, including a physics-based circuit model, a convenient method to measure the entropic coefficient, an on-line impedance measurement technique, an effective reference performance test procedure, and methods to measure the cell
pressure and thickness change during cycling. A selection of results are that the physics-based circuit model could predict key quantities, such as overpotential, concentrations etc., with less than 0.05% deviation compared with a state-of-art model. Furthermore, the on-line impedance measurement technique managed to extract the battery pack impedance between 0.01 Hz and 5 Hz based on CAN signals. In addition, the cell pressure and thickness change during cycling of a commercial cell were found to be up to 60 kPa and 150 μm.

characterization methods

swelling

temperature swing

model

impedance

lifetime

Li-ion batteries

thermal

pressure

entropy

aging

HC4, Hörsalsvägen 14, Göteborg
Opponent: Professor Gregory Offer, Imperial College London, UK

Author

Zeyang Geng

Chalmers, Electrical Engineering, Electric Power Engineering

Today, there is a strong trend towards propelling both vehicles, tools, etc without any direct emission of green-house or other gases during the usage phase, and in addition without a cable to the electric grid. A key enabler for this is the Lithium-Ion battery.

Lithium-ion batteries are commonly used for energy storage systems, and temperature is one key impact factor on the cell performance and lifetime. Up to now, the focus has been on the ambient temperature of the test condition, and there is little discussion about how the temperature swing during cycling affects the battery lifetime. In this study, lithium-ion cells are cycled with the same current but different temperature swings for more than two years. The results show that the cells cycled with a high temperature swing aged faster. Moreover, pure thermal cycling does not introduce significant aging to the cell. This thesis deals with the subject of how lithium batteries behave. The electrical behaviour and the ageing behaviour are in focus, but also the thermal and mechanical expansion behaviour are studied.

The work contains interesting and novel theory building. In addition, the experimental verification work has been very strong, involving a large number of advanced experiments.

Areas of Advance

Transport

Energy

Subject Categories

Electrical Engineering, Electronic Engineering, Information Engineering

ISBN

978-91-7905-655-1

Doktorsavhandlingar vid Chalmers tekniska högskola. Ny serie: 5121

Publisher

Chalmers

HC4, Hörsalsvägen 14, Göteborg

Online

Opponent: Professor Gregory Offer, Imperial College London, UK

More information

Latest update

5/19/2022