Ester-based surfactants: Are they stable enough?
Review article, 2023

Surfactants with an ester bond connecting the polar headgroup and the hydrophobic tail are common. They are easy to synthesize, they can often be made from natural raw materials and their biodegradation profile is generally good, partly due to lipase or esterase catalyzed breakdown of the ester bond in sewage plants. A labile ester bond in the molecule may cause problems, however. Surfactants are often formulated at relatively high pH and it is important that they remain intact for a given period of time. In this article we discuss alkaline hydrolysis of different types of ester-based surfactants—cationic, anionic and nonionic—and also of surfactant mixtures. We show that the ester bond in a surfactant has a different hydrolysis pattern than ester bonds in non-surface active uncharged molecules. Cationic ester-based surfactants are hydrolyzed rapidly while anionic and also nonionic ester-containing surfactants are relatively resistant to hydrolysis.

hydrolysis

micellar catalysis

ester

micellar protection

surfactant

Author

Dan Lundberg

AstraZeneca R&D

Maria Stjerndahl

Sahlgrenska University Hospital

Krister Holmberg

Chalmers, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Applied Chemistry

Journal of Surfactants and Detergents

1097-3958 (ISSN) 15589293 (eISSN)

Vol. 26 3 229-236

Subject Categories

Physical Chemistry

Other Chemistry Topics

Organic Chemistry

DOI

10.1002/jsde.12628

More information

Latest update

7/12/2023