TOI-1442 b and TOI-2445 b: Two potentially rocky ultra-short period planets around M dwarfs
Journal article, 2023
Context. Exoplanets with orbital periods of less than one day are known as ultra-short period (USP) planets. They are relatively rare products of planetary formation and evolution processes, but especially favourable for characterisation with current planet detection methods. At the time of writing, 125 USP planets have already been confirmed. Aims. Our aim is to validate the planetary nature of two new transiting planet candidates around M dwarfs announced by the NASA Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS), registered as TESS Objects of Interest (TOIs) TOI-1442.01 and TOI-2445.01. Methods. We used TESS data, ground-based photometric light curves, and Subaru/IRD spectrograph radial velocity (RV) measurements to validate both planetary candidates and to establish their physical properties. Results. TOI-1442 b is a validated exoplanet with an orbital period of P = 0.4090682 ± 0.0000004 day, a radius of Rp = 1.15 ± 0.06 R☉, and equilibrium temperature of Tp,eq = 1357+−4942 K. TOI-2445 b is also validated with an orbital period of P = 0.3711286 ± 0.0000004 day, a radius of Rp = 1.33 ± 0.09 R☉, and equilibrium temperature of Tp,eq = 1330+−6156 K. Their physical properties align with current empirical trends and formation theories of USP planets. Based on the RV measurements, we set 3σ upper mass limits of 8 M☉ and 20 M☉, thus confirming the non-stellar, sub-Jovian nature of both transiting objects. More RV measurements will be needed to constrain the planetary masses and mean densities, and the predicted presence of outer planetary companions. These targets extend the small sample of USP planets orbiting around M dwarfs up to 21 members. They are also among the 20 most suitable terrestrial planets for atmospheric characterisation via secondary eclipse with the James Webb Space Telescope, according to a widespread emission spectroscopy metric.
planets and satellites: individual: TOI-1442 b
planets and satellites: individual: TOI-2445 b
methods: observational
techniques: photometric
techniques: spectroscopic
planetary systems
Author
Giuseppe Morello
Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)
University of La Laguna
Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias
Chalmers, Space, Earth and Environment, Astronomy and Plasmaphysics
H. Parviainen
Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias
University of La Laguna
F. Murgas
University of La Laguna
Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias
E. Palle
Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias
University of La Laguna
M. Oshagh
University of La Laguna
Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias
A. Fukui
Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias
University of Tokyo
T. Hirano
National Astronomical Observatory of Japan
National Institutes of Natural Sciences
Hiroyuki Tako Ishikawa
National Astronomical Observatory of Japan
National Institutes of Natural Sciences
Mayuko Mori
University of Tokyo
Norio Narita
University of Tokyo
Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias
National Institutes of Natural Sciences
K. A. Collins
Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics
Khalid Barkaoui
University of Liège
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias
Pablo Lewin
Maury Lewin Astronomical Observatory
C. Cadieux
Université de Montréal
Jerome P. De Leon
University of Tokyo
A. Soubkiou
University of Porto
Cadi Ayyad University
N. Abreu Garcia
University of La Laguna
Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias
N. Crouzet
European Space Agency (ESA)
E. Esparza-Borges
Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias
University of La Laguna
G. E.Fernández Rodríguez
Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias
D. Galán
Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias
University of La Laguna
Yasunori Hori
National Institutes of Natural Sciences
National Astronomical Observatory of Japan
Masahiro Ikoma
National Institutes of Natural Sciences
K. Isogai
Kyoto University
University of Tokyo
T. Kagetani
University of Tokyo
Kiyoe Kawauchi
University of Tokyo
Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias
University of La Laguna
Tadahiro Kimura
University of Tokyo
T. Kodama
University of Tokyo
Judith Korth
Chalmers, Space, Earth and Environment, Astronomy and Plasmaphysics
Lund University
Takayuki Kotani
National Astronomical Observatory of Japan
National Institutes of Natural Sciences
The Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI)
Vigneshwaran Krishnamurthy
National Astronomical Observatory of Japan
National Institutes of Natural Sciences
S. Kurita
University of Tokyo
A. Laza-Ramos
Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias
J. Livingston
University of Tokyo
R. Luque
Spanish National Research Council (CSIC)
A. Madrigal-Aguado
University of La Laguna
Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias
T. Nishiumi
National Institutes of Natural Sciences
University of Tokyo
The Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI)
J. Orell-Miquel
University of La Laguna
Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias
M. Puig-Subirà
University of La Laguna
Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias
M. Sánchez-Benavente
Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias
University of La Laguna
M. Stangret
Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias
Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)
University of La Laguna
Motohide Tamura
National Institutes of Natural Sciences
University of Tokyo
National Astronomical Observatory of Japan
Y. Terada
National Taiwan University
Academia Sinica
Noriharu Watanabe
University of Tokyo
Y. Zou
University of Tokyo
Z. Benkhaldoun
Cadi Ayyad University
K. I. Collins
George Mason University
René Doyon
Université de Montréal
L.J. Garcia
University of Liège
M. Ghachoui
University of Liège
Cadi Ayyad University
Michaël Gillon
University of Liège
Emmanuel Jehin
University of Liège
Francisco J. Pozuelos
University of Liège
Spanish National Research Council (CSIC)
R. P. Schwarz
Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics
M. Timmermans
University of Liège
Astronomy and Astrophysics
0004-6361 (ISSN) 1432-0746 (eISSN)
Vol. 673 A32Subject Categories (SSIF 2011)
Subatomic Physics
Astronomy, Astrophysics and Cosmology
DOI
10.1051/0004-6361/202243592