Injectable In Situ Crosslinking Hydrogel for Autologous Fat Grafting
Journal article, 2023
Autologous fat grafting is hampered by unpredictable outcomes due to high tissue resorption. Hydrogels based on enzymatically pretreated tunicate nanocellulose (ETC) and alginate (ALG) are biocompatible, safe, and present physiochemical properties capable of promoting cell survival. Here, we compared in situ and ex situ crosslinking of ETC/ALG hydrogels combined with lipoaspirate human adipose tissue (LAT) to generate an injectable formulation capable of retaining dimensional stability in vivo. We performed in situ crosslinking using two different approaches; inducing Ca2+ release from CaCO3 microparticles (CMPs) and physiologically available Ca2+ in vivo. Additionally, we generated ex situ-crosslinked, 3D-bioprinted hydrogel-fat grafts. We found that in vitro optimization generated a CMP-crosslinking system with comparable stiffness to ex situ-crosslinked gels. Comparison of outcomes following in vivo injection of each respective crosslinked hydrogel revealed that after 30 days, in situ crosslinking generated fat grafts with less shape retention than 3D-bioprinted constructs that had undergone ex situ crosslinking. However, CMP addition improved fat-cell distribution and cell survival relative to grafts dependent on physiological Ca2+ alone. These findings suggested that in situ crosslinking using CMP might promote the dimensional stability of injectable fat-hydrogel grafts, although 3D bioprinting with ex situ crosslinking more effectively ensured proper shape stability in vivo.
nanocellulose
alginate
in situ crosslinking
3D bioprinting
soft tissue reconstruction
Author
Kristin Oskarsdotter
University of Gothenburg
Catherine T. Nordgård
Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU)
Peter Apelgren
University of Gothenburg
Sahlgrenska University Hospital
Karin Säljö
Sahlgrenska University Hospital
University of Gothenburg
Anita A. Solbu
Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU)
Edwin Eliasson
Sahlgrenska University Hospital
Sanna Sämfors
Chalmers, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Applied Chemistry
Henriette E.M. Sætrang
DuPont
Lise Cathrine Asdahl
DuPont
Eric M. Thompson
University of Bergen
Ocean TuniCell AS
Christofer Troedsson
Ocean TuniCell AS
Stina Simonsson
Sahlgrenska University Hospital
Berit Løkensgard Strand
Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU)
Paul Gatenholm
CELLHEAL AS
Lars Kölby
Sahlgrenska University Hospital
University of Gothenburg
Gels
23102861 (eISSN)
Vol. 9 10 813Subject Categories
Surgery
Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
DOI
10.3390/gels9100813
PubMed
37888386