Optimal EV Charge Scheduling Considering FCR Participation and Battery Degradation
Paper in proceeding, 2023
Emerging vehicle-to-grid (V2G) technology gives more flexibility to electric vehicles (EVs) for participating in ancillary service markets. This paper presents an optimal charge scheduling model for EVs by considering V2G, frequency containment reserve (FCR), and battery degradation, to investigate the profitability of FCR participation for an individual EV. The model considers the EV owners’ preferences for desired energy at the departure times while participating in FCR. The total scheduling cost of the EV is minimized through a mixed integer linear programming (MILP) problem. The outputs of the
MILP model are the EV’s charge/discharge pattern and the amount of power for each scheduling horizon. It is found that FCR participation is quite profitable for EV owners.
MILP model are the EV’s charge/discharge pattern and the amount of power for each scheduling horizon. It is found that FCR participation is quite profitable for EV owners.
optimal operation
battery degradation
electric vehicle
frequency containment reserve
vehicle-to-grid
Author
Rahmatollah Khezri
Chalmers, Electrical Engineering, Electric Power Engineering
David Steen
Chalmers, Electrical Engineering, Electric Power Engineering
Anh Tuan Le
Chalmers, Electrical Engineering, Electric Power Engineering
2023 IEEE International Conference on Energy Technologies for Future Grids
2045-2322 (ISSN)
9781665471640 (ISBN)
IEEE International Conference on Energy Technologies for Future Grids (IEEE ETFG 2023)
Wollongong, Australia,
Wollongong, Australia,
Elbilar till allting – Mobilitet med extra tjänster (V2X-MAS)
Swedish Energy Agency (51811-1), 2021-03-22 -- 2023-12-31.
ENABLING FLEXIBILITY FOR FUTURE DISTRIBUTION GRID (FLEXIGRID)
European Commission (EC) (EC/H2020/864048), 2019-11-01 -- 2023-04-30.
Areas of Advance
Transport
Energy
Subject Categories
Electrical Engineering, Electronic Engineering, Information Engineering
DOI
10.1109/ETFG55873.2023.10407284