Multiple-Frequency-Bands Channel Characterization for In-vehicle Wireless Networks
Journal article, 2025

In-vehicle wireless networks are crucial for advancing smart transportation systems and enhancing interaction among vehicles and their occupants. However, there are limited studies in the current state of the art that investigate the in-vehicle channel characteristics in multiple frequency bands. In this paper, we present measurement campaigns conducted in a van and a car across below 7 GHz, millimeter-wave (mmWave), and sub-Terahertz (Sub-THz) bands. These campaigns aim to compare the channel characteristics for in-vehicle scenarios across various frequency bands. Channel impulse responses (CIRs) were measured at various locations distributed across the engine bay of both the van and car. The CIR results reveal a high similarity in the delay properties between frequency bands below 7 GHz and mmWave bands for the measurements in the engine bay. Sparse channels can be observed at Sub-THz bands in the engine bay scenarios. Channel spatial profiles in the passenger cabin of both the van and car are obtained by the directional scan sounding scheme for three bands. We compare the power angle delay profiles (PADPs) measured at different frequency bands in two line of sight (LOS) scenarios and one non-LOS (NLOS) scenario. Some major multipath components (MPCs) can be identified in all frequency bands and their trajectories are traced based on the geometry of the vehicles. The angular spread of arrival is also calculated for three scenarios. The analysis of channel characteristics in this paper can enhance our understanding of in-vehicle channels and foster the evolution of in-vehicle wireless networks.

sub-Terahertz (Sub-THz)

channel spatial profile

millimeter-wave (mmWave)

In-vehicle channel

power delay profile

Author

Mengting Li

Aalborg University

Chalmers, Electrical Engineering, Communication, Antennas and Optical Networks

Yifa Li

Aalborg University

Qiyu Zeng

Aalborg University

Kim Olesen

Aalborg University

Fengchun Zhang

Aalborg University

Wei Fan

Purple Mountain Laboratory

Southeast University

IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation

0018-926X (ISSN) 1558-2221 (eISSN)

Vol. In Press

Subject Categories (SSIF 2025)

Vehicle and Aerospace Engineering

Signal Processing

DOI

10.1109/TAP.2025.3526860

More information

Latest update

2/18/2025