Measurement of the astrophysical diffuse neutrino flux in a combined fit of IceCube’s high energy neutrino data
Paper in proceeding, 2024

The IceCube Neutrino Observatory has discovered a diffuse neutrino flux of astrophysical origin and measures its properties in various detection channels. With more than 10 years of data, we use multiple data samples from different detection channels for a combined fit of the diffuse astrophysical neutrino spectrum. This leverages the complementary information of different neutrino event signatures. For the first time, we use a coherent modelling of the signal and background, as well as the detector response and corresponding systematic uncertainties. The detector response is continuously varied during the simulation in order to generate a general purpose Monte Carlo set, which is central to our approach. We present a combined fit yielding a measurement of the diffuse astrophysical neutrino flux properties with unprecedented precision.

High energy neutrinos

Measurements of

Ice cubes

Detector response

Neutrino fluxes

Data sample

Multiple data

Neutrino data

Detection channels

Property

Author

R. Abbasi

Loyola University of Chicago

M. Ackermann

Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY)

J. Adams

University of Canterbury

S. K. Agarwalla

University of Wisconsin Madison

J.A. Aguilar

Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB)

M. Ahlers

Niels Bohr Institute

J. M. Alameddine

Technische Universität Dortmund

N.M. Amin

University of Delaware

K. Andeen

Marquette University

G. Anton

University of Erlangen-Nuremberg (FAU)

C. Argüelles

Harvard University

Y. Ashida

University of Utah

S. Athanasiadou

Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY)

S. N. Axani

University of Delaware

X. Bai

South Dakota School of Mines & Technology

A. V. Balagopal

University of Wisconsin Madison

M. Baricevic

University of Wisconsin Madison

S.W. Barwick

University of California at Irvine (UCI)

V. Basu

University of Wisconsin Madison

R. Bay

University of California

J.J. Beatty

Ohio State University

Julia Tjus

Ruhr-Universität Bochum

Chalmers, Space, Earth and Environment, Astronomy and Plasmaphysics

J. Beise

Uppsala University

C. Bellenghi

Technical University of Munich

C. Benning

RWTH Aachen University

S. Benzvi

University of Rochester

D. Berley

University of Maryland

E. Bernardini

University of Padua

D. Z. Besson

University of Kansas

E. Blaufuss

University of Maryland

S. Blot

Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY)

F. Bontempo

Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)

J. Y. Book

Harvard University

C. Boscolo Meneguolo

University of Padua

S. Böser

Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz

O. Botner

Uppsala University

J. Böttcher

RWTH Aachen University

E. Bourbeau

Niels Bohr Institute

J. Braun

University of Wisconsin Madison

B. Brinson

Georgia Institute of Technology

J. Brostean-Kaiser

Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY)

R. T. Burley

University of Adelaide

R.S. Busse

University of Münster

D. Butterfield

University of Wisconsin Madison

M.A. Campana

Drexel University

K. Carloni

Harvard University

E. G. Carnie-Bronca

University of Adelaide

J. Krishnamoorthi

University of Wisconsin Madison

N. Chau

Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB)

C. Chen

Georgia Institute of Technology

Z. Chen

Stony Brook University

D. Chirkin

University of Wisconsin Madison

S. Choi

Sungkyunkwan University

B.A. Clark

University of Maryland

L. Classen

University of Münster

A. Coleman

Uppsala University

G.H. Collin

Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)

A. Connolly

Ohio State University

J.M. Conrad

Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)

P. Coppin

Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB)

P. Correa

Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB)

D. F. Cowen

Pennsylvania State University

P. Dave

Georgia Institute of Technology

C. De Clercq

Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB)

J.J. Delaunay

University of Alabama

D. Delgado

Harvard University

S. Deng

RWTH Aachen University

K. Deoskar

Oskar Klein Centre

A. Desai

University of Wisconsin Madison

P. Desiati

University of Wisconsin Madison

K. D. De Vries

Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB)

G. De Wasseige

Universite catholique de Louvain

T. Deyoung

Michigan State University

A. Diaz

Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)

J. C. Díaz-Vélez

University of Wisconsin Madison

M. Dittmer

University of Münster

A. Domi

University of Erlangen-Nuremberg (FAU)

H. Dujmovic

University of Wisconsin Madison

M. A. Duvernois

University of Wisconsin Madison

T. Ehrhardt

Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz

P. Eller

Technical University of Munich

E. Ellinger

Bergische Universität Wuppertal

S. El Mentawi

RWTH Aachen University

D. Elsaesser

Technische Universität Dortmund

R. Engel

Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)

H. Erpenbeck

University of Wisconsin Madison

J. Evans

University of Maryland

P.A. Evenson

University of Delaware

K.L. Fan

University of Maryland

K. Fang

University of Wisconsin Madison

K. Farrag

Chiba University

A. R. Fazely

Southern University and A&M College

A. Fedynitch

Academia Sinica

N. Feigl

Humboldt University of Berlin

S. Fiedlschuster

University of Erlangen-Nuremberg (FAU)

C. Finley

Oskar Klein Centre

L. Fischer

Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY)

D. Fox

Pennsylvania State University

A. Franckowiak

Ruhr-Universität Bochum

A. Fritz

Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz

P. Fürst

RWTH Aachen University

J. S. Gallagher III

University of Wisconsin Madison

E. Ganster

RWTH Aachen University

A. Garcia

Harvard University

L. Gerhardt

Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory

A. Ghadimi

University of Alabama

C. Glaser

Uppsala University

T. Glauch

Technical University of Munich

T. Glüsenkamp

University of Erlangen-Nuremberg (FAU)

N. Goehlke

Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)

J.G. Gonzalez

University of Delaware

S. Goswami

University of Alabama

D. Grant

Michigan State University

S.J. Gray

University of Maryland

O. Gries

RWTH Aachen University

S. Griffin

University of Wisconsin Madison

S. Griswold

University of Rochester

K.M. Groth

Niels Bohr Institute

C. Günther

RWTH Aachen University

P. Gutjahr

Technische Universität Dortmund

C. Haack

University of Erlangen-Nuremberg (FAU)

A. Hallgren

Uppsala University

R. Halliday

Michigan State University

L. Halve

RWTH Aachen University

F. Halzen

University of Wisconsin Madison

H. Hamdaoui

Stony Brook University

M. Ha Minh

Technical University of Munich

K. Hanson

University of Wisconsin Madison

J. Hardin

Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)

A.A. Harnisch

Michigan State University

P. Hatch

Queen's University

A. Haungs

Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)

K. Helbing

Bergische Universität Wuppertal

J. Hellrung

Ruhr-Universität Bochum

F. Henningsen

Technical University of Munich

L. Heuermann

RWTH Aachen University

N. Heyer

Uppsala University

S. Hickford

Bergische Universität Wuppertal

A. Hidvegi

Oskar Klein Centre

C. Hill

Chiba University

G.C. Hill

University of Adelaide

K.D. Hoffman

University of Maryland

S. Hori

University of Wisconsin Madison

K. Hoshina

University of Wisconsin Madison

W. Hou

Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)

T. Huber

Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)

K. Hultqvist

Oskar Klein Centre

M. Hünnefeld

Technische Universität Dortmund

R. Hussain

University of Wisconsin Madison

K. Hymon

Technische Universität Dortmund

S. In

Sungkyunkwan University

A. Ishihara

Chiba University

M. Jacquart

University of Wisconsin Madison

O. Janik

RWTH Aachen University

M. Jansson

Oskar Klein Centre

G.S. Japaridze

Clark Atlanta University

M. Jeong

Sungkyunkwan University

M. Jin

Harvard University

B.J.P. Jones

University of Texas at Arlington

D. Kang

Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)

W. Kang

Sungkyunkwan University

X. Kang

Drexel University

A. Kappes

University of Münster

D. Kappesser

Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz

L. Kardum

Technische Universität Dortmund

T. Karg

Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY)

M. Karl

Technical University of Munich

A. Karle

University of Wisconsin Madison

U. Katz

University of Erlangen-Nuremberg (FAU)

M. Kauer

University of Wisconsin Madison

J.L. Kelley

University of Wisconsin Madison

A. Khatee Zathul

University of Wisconsin Madison

A. Kheirandish

University of Nevada, Las Vegas

J. Kiryluk

Stony Brook University

S.R. Klein

University of California

A. Kochocki

Michigan State University

R. Koirala

University of Delaware

H. Kolanoski

Humboldt University of Berlin

T. Kontrimas

Technical University of Munich

L. Köpke

Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz

C. Kopper

University of Erlangen-Nuremberg (FAU)

D.J. Koskinen

Niels Bohr Institute

P. Koundal

Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)

M. Kovacevich

Drexel University

M. Kowalski

Humboldt University of Berlin

T. Kozynets

Niels Bohr Institute

J. Krishnamoorthi

University of Wisconsin Madison

K. Kruiswijk

Universite catholique de Louvain

E. Krupczak

Michigan State University

A. Kumar

Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY)

Emma Kun

Ruhr-Universität Bochum

N. Kurahashi

Drexel University

N. Lad

Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY)

C. Lagunas Gualda

Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY)

M. Lamoureux

Universite catholique de Louvain

M.J. Larson

University of Maryland

S. Latseva

RWTH Aachen University

F. Lauber

Bergische Universität Wuppertal

J.P. Lazar

Harvard University

J.W. Lee

Sungkyunkwan University

K. Leonard Deholton

Eberly College of Science

A. Leszczyńska

University of Delaware

M. Lincetto

Ruhr-Universität Bochum

Q.R. Liu

University of Wisconsin Madison

M. Liubarska

University of Alberta

E. Lohfink

Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz

C. Love

Drexel University

C.J. Lozano Mariscal

University of Münster

L. Lu

University of Wisconsin Madison

F. Lucarelli

University of Geneva

W. Luszczak

Ohio State University

Y. Lyu

University of California

J. Madsen

University of Wisconsin Madison

K.B.M. Mahn

Michigan State University

Y. Makino

University of Wisconsin Madison

E. Manao

Technical University of Munich

S. Mancina

University of Wisconsin Madison

W. Marie Sainte

University of Wisconsin Madison

I.C. Mariş

Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB)

S. Marka

Columbia University

Z. Marka

Columbia University

M. Marsee

University of Alabama

I. Martinez-Soler

Harvard University

R. Maruyama

Yale University

F. Mayhew

Michigan State University

T. McElroy

University of Alberta

F. McNally

Mercer University

J.V. Mead

Niels Bohr Institute

K. Meagher

University of Wisconsin Madison

S. Mechbal

Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY)

A. Medina

Ohio State University

M. Meier

Chiba University

Y. Merckx

Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB)

L. Merten

Ruhr-Universität Bochum

J. Micallef

Michigan State University

J. Mitchell

Southern University and A&M College

T. Montaruli

University of Geneva

R. W. Moore

University of Alberta

Y. Morii

Chiba University

R. Morse

University of Wisconsin Madison

M. Moulai

University of Wisconsin Madison

T. Mukherjee

Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)

R. Naab

Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY)

R. Nagai

Chiba University

M. Nakos

University of Wisconsin Madison

U. Naumann

Bergische Universität Wuppertal

J. Necker

Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY)

A. Negi

University of Texas at Arlington

M. Neumann

University of Münster

H. Niederhausen

Michigan State University

M.U. Nisa

Michigan State University

A. Noell

RWTH Aachen University

A. Novikov

University of Delaware

S.C. Nowicki

Michigan State University

A. Obertacke Pollmann

Chiba University

V. O'Dell

University of Wisconsin Madison

M. Oehler

Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)

B. Oeyen

Ghent university

A. Olivas

University of Maryland

R. Orsoe

Technical University of Munich

J. Osborn

University of Wisconsin Madison

E. O'Sullivan

Uppsala University

H. Pandya

University of Delaware

N. Park

Queen's University

G.K. Parker

University of Texas at Arlington

E.N. Paudel

University of Delaware

L. Paul

Marquette University

C. Pérez de los Heros

Uppsala University

J. Peterson

University of Wisconsin Madison

S. Philippen

RWTH Aachen University

A. Pizzuto

University of Wisconsin Madison

M. Plum

South Dakota School of Mines & Technology

A. Pontén

Uppsala University

Y. Popovych

Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz

M. Prado Rodriguez

University of Wisconsin Madison

B. Pries

Michigan State University

R. Procter-Murphy

University of Maryland

G.T. Przybylski

Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory

C. Raab

Universite catholique de Louvain

J. Rack-Helleis

Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz

K. Rawlins

University of Alaska Anchorage

Z. Rechav

University of Wisconsin Madison

A. Rehman

University of Delaware

P. Reichherzer

Ruhr-Universität Bochum

G. Renzi

Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB)

E. Resconi

Technical University of Munich

S. Reusch

Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY)

W. Rhode

Technische Universität Dortmund

B. Riedel

University of Wisconsin Madison

A. Rifaie

RWTH Aachen University

E.J. Roberts

University of Adelaide

S. Robertson

University of California

S. Rodan

Sungkyunkwan University

G. Roellinghoff

Sungkyunkwan University

M. Rongen

University of Erlangen-Nuremberg (FAU)

C. Rott

University of Utah

T. Ruhe

Technische Universität Dortmund

L. Ruohan

Technical University of Munich

D. Ryckbosch

Ghent university

I. Safa

Harvard University

J. Saffer

Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)

D. Salazar-Gallegos

Michigan State University

P. Sampathkumar

Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)

S.E. Sanchez Herrera

Michigan State University

A. Sandrock

Bergische Universität Wuppertal

M. Santander

University of Alabama

S. Sarkar

University of Alberta

S. Sarkar

University of Oxford

J. Savelberg

RWTH Aachen University

P. Savina

University of Wisconsin Madison

M. Schaufel

RWTH Aachen University

H. Schieler

Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)

S. Schindler

University of Erlangen-Nuremberg (FAU)

L. Schlickmann

RWTH Aachen University

B. Schlüter

University of Münster

F. Schlüter

Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB)

N. Schmeisser

Bergische Universität Wuppertal

T. Schmidt

University of Maryland

J. Schneider

University of Erlangen-Nuremberg (FAU)

F.G. Schröder

Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)

L. Schumacher

University of Erlangen-Nuremberg (FAU)

G. Schwefer

RWTH Aachen University

S. Sclafani

University of Maryland

D. Seckel

University of Delaware

M. Seikh

University of Kansas

S. Seunarine

University of Wisconsin

R. Shah

Drexel University

A. Sharma

Uppsala University

S. Shefali

Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)

N. Shimizu

Chiba University

M. Silva

University of Wisconsin Madison

B. Skrzypek

Harvard University

B. Smithers

University of Texas at Arlington

R. Snihur

University of Wisconsin Madison

J. Soedingrekso

Technische Universität Dortmund

A. Søgaard

Niels Bohr Institute

D. Soldin

Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)

P. Soldin

RWTH Aachen University

G. Sommani

Ruhr-Universität Bochum

C. Spannfellner

Technical University of Munich

G.M. Spiczak

University of Wisconsin

C. Spiering

Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY)

M. Stamatikos

Ohio State University

T. Stanev

University of Delaware

T. Stezelberger

Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory

T. Stürwald

Bergische Universität Wuppertal

T. Stuttard

Niels Bohr Institute

G.W. Sullivan

University of Maryland

I. Taboada

Georgia Institute of Technology

S. Ter-Antonyan

Southern University and A&M College

M. Thiesmeyer

RWTH Aachen University

W.G. Thompson

Harvard University

J. Thwaites

University of Wisconsin Madison

S. Tilav

University of Delaware

K. Tollefson

Michigan State University

C. Tönnis

Sungkyunkwan University

S. Toscano

Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB)

D. Tosi

University of Wisconsin Madison

A. Trettin

Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY)

C.F. Tung

Georgia Institute of Technology

R. Turcotte

Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)

J.P. Twagirayezu

Michigan State University

B. Ty

University of Wisconsin Madison

M.A. Unland Elorrieta

University of Münster

A.K. Upadhyay

University of Wisconsin Madison

K. Upshaw

Southern University and A&M College

N. Valtonen-Mattila

Uppsala University

J. Vandenbroucke

University of Wisconsin Madison

N. Van Eijndhoven

Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB)

D. Vannerom

Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)

J. Van Santen

Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY)

J. Vara

University of Münster

J. Veitch-Michaelis

University of Wisconsin Madison

M. Venugopal

Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)

M. Vereecken

Universite catholique de Louvain

S. Verpoest

University of Delaware

D. Veske

Columbia University

A. Vijai

University of Maryland

C. Walck

Oskar Klein Centre

C. Weaver

Michigan State University

P. Weigel

Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)

A. Weindl

Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)

J. Weldert

Eberly College of Science

C. Wendt

University of Wisconsin Madison

J. Werthebach

Technische Universität Dortmund

M. Weyrauch

Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)

Nathan Whitehorn

Michigan State University

C.H. Wiebusch

RWTH Aachen University

N. Willey

Michigan State University

D.R. Williams

University of Alabama

L. Witthaus

Technische Universität Dortmund

A. Wolf

RWTH Aachen University

M. Wolf

Technical University of Munich

G. Wrede

University of Erlangen-Nuremberg (FAU)

X.W. Xu

Southern University and A&M College

J.P. Yanez

University of Alberta

E. Yildizci

University of Wisconsin Madison

S. Yoshida

Chiba University

R. Young

University of Kansas

F. Yu

Harvard University

S. Yu

Michigan State University

T. Yuan

University of Wisconsin Madison

Z. Zhang

Stony Brook University

P. Zhelnin

Harvard University

M. Zimmerman

University of Wisconsin Madison

Proceedings of Science

18248039 (eISSN)

Vol. 444 1064

38th International Cosmic Ray Conference, ICRC 2023
Nagoya, Japan,

Subject Categories (SSIF 2025)

Astronomy, Astrophysics, and Cosmology

Subatomic Physics

DOI

10.22323/1.444.1064

More information

Latest update

5/20/2025