The Deep Multi-FBSDE Method: A Robust Deep Learning Method for Coupled FBSDEs

Journal article, 2026

We introduce the deep multi-FBSDE method for robust approximation of coupled forward-backward stochastic differential equations (FBSDEs), focusing on cases where the deep BSDE method of Han, Jentzen, and E (2018) fails to converge. To overcome the convergence issues, we consider a family of FBSDEs that are equivalent to the original problem in the sense that they satisfy the same associated partial differential equation (PDE) and initial value. Our algorithm proceeds in two phases: first, we approximate the initial condition jointly for a small number of FBSDEs from the FBSDE family, and second, we approximate the original FBSDE using the initial condition approximated in the first phase. Numerical experiments show that our method converges even when the standard deep FBSDE method does not.