Microfluidic synthesis of high-performance violet-to-blue perovskite quantum dots for light-emitting applications

Journal article, 2026

Perovskite quantum dots (PQDs) synthesized using microfluidic methods exhibit potential advantages of uniform particle size distribution and enhanced photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY), compared to those produced by conventional batch synthesis. However, the quality of violet-blue emitting PQDs (V-B-PQDs) synthesized via conventional microfluidic systems remains unsatisfactory (PLQY<42%), primarily due to limitations in microfluidic methodology, precursor compatibility, and precise reaction control. Here, we developed a novel glass chip-based microfluidic platform capable of synthesizing high-quality V-B-PQDs with real-time screening, precise control, and high-throughput optimization of reaction conditions, including precursor ratios, temperature, and reaction time. The chip can withstand high temperature required for PQDs synthesis, and its uniquely designed island structures within the microchannels promote a mixing efficiency exceeding 95%. For the first time, Cu-precursor was introduced into the microfluidics to synthesized high-performance PQDs with improved lattice confinement. Furthermore, the integration of sequential cation doping and anion exchange within the microfluidic platform enables precise compositional and emission wavelength tuning of the synthesized PQDs. Consequently, the synthesized PQDs achieved a breakthrough with PLQYs of 65.7% ± 5% for violet emission (407 nm) and 91.5% ± 5% for blue emission (450 nm), which represent the highest records for V-B-PQDs synthesized via microfluidic approaches. The obtained high-performance B-PQDs were further employed to fabricate QD-based light-emitting diodes (QLEDs), which show excellent color purity in blue QLEDs and good color balance in white QLEDs. These results highlight the significant potential of microfluidic technology in producing high-quality QDs for display and lighting applications.