Pharmacological treatment of osteopenia induced by gastrectomy or ovariectomy in young female rats.
Journal article, 2004
BACKGROUND: Both gastrectomy (GX) and ovariectomy (OVX) induce osteopenia in man and experimental animals. The present study addresses the question--can alendronate, estrogen or parathyroid hormone (PTH) be used to treat established GX- or OVX -evoked osteopenia? METHODS: Rats were GX-, OVX- or SHAM-operated 8 weeks before starting the treatment with drugs. Each group was then treated for 8 weeks with 50 microg/kg/day alendronate, 10 microg/kg/day estrogen or 75 microg/kg/day PTH(1-84); n = 8 rats/group. Peripheral Quantitative Computed Tomography (pQCT) was used to measure trabecular bone mineral density (BMD) and various cortical bone parameters. RESULTS: At killing, 16 weeks after surgery, GX and OVX rats had a greatly reduced trabecular BMD in the metaphysis of the distal femur (GX -44% and OVX -55%). Alendronate increased the trabecular BMD by 44% in GX rats and by 64% in OVX rats, while PTH increased it by 51% and 115%, respectively. However, estrogen increased the trabecular BMD in GX rats (35%), but not in OVX rats (15%, not significant). Cortical bone parameters were adversely (but moderately) affected by GX, but not by OVX or by treatment with the three drugs. INTERPRETATION: Alendronate, estrogen and PTH restored the trabecular bone loss in rats with an established GX-evoked osteopenia. In contrast, alendronate and PTH, but not estrogen, restored the trabecular bone loss after OVX. Hence, the mechanism underlying GX-evoked bone loss differs from that underlying OVX-evoked bone loss. The ability of alendronate, estrogen and PTH to reverse the GX-evoked osteopenia in the rat may be of clinical interest when dealing with bone loss in humans after GX.
pharmacology
Estrogens
Models
therapeutic use
Diphosphonates
pharmacology
therapeutic use
Alendronate
physiopathology
Hormones
Animals
therapeutic use
X-Ray Computed
drug therapy
etiology
therapeutic use
pharmacology
Rats
drug effects
Parathyroid Hormone
physiology
adverse effects
pharmacology
Ovariectomy
Gastrectomy
Bone Density
Female
Sprague-Dawley
Tomography
Rats
Metabolic
adverse effects
pharmacology
Animal
Bone Diseases
therapeutic use
Author
Niklas Andersson
University of Gothenburg
Vikas V Surve
Daisy Lehto-Axtelius
Kjell Andersson
Birgitta Ryberg
Claes Ohlsson
University of Gothenburg
Rolf Håkanson
Acta Orthopaedica Scandinavica
0001-6470 (ISSN) 1651-1964 (eISSN)
Vol. 75 2 201-9Subject Categories
MEDICAL AND HEALTH SCIENCES
DOI
10.1080/00016470412331294465
PubMed
15180236