Towards high energy density sodium ion batteries through electrolyte optimization
Journal article, 2013
A comprehensive study is reported entailing optimization of sodium ion electrolyte formulation and compatibility studies with positive and negative electrode materials. EC:PC:DMC and EC:PC:DME were found to exhibit optimum ionic conductivities and lower viscosities. Yet, hard carbon negative electrode materials tested in such electrolytes exhibit significant differences in performance, rooted in the different resistivity of the SEI, which results in too large polarization and concomitant loss of capacity at low potentials when DME is used as a co-solvent. EC0.45:PC0.45:DMC0.1 was found to be the optimum composition resulting in good rate capability and high capacity upon sustained cycling for hard carbon electrodes. Its compatibility with positive Na3V2(PO4)(2)F-3 (NVPF) electrodes was also confirmed, which led to the assembly of full Na-ion cells displaying an operation voltage of 3.65 V, very low polarisation and excellent capacity retention upon cycling with ca. 97 mA h g(-1) of NVPF after more than 120 cycles together with satisfactory coulombic efficiency (>98.5%) and very good power performance. Such values lead to energy densities comparable to those of the current state-of-the-art lithium-ion technology.
Author
A. Ponrouch
Institute of Material Science of Barcelona (ICMAB)
Alistore - European Research Institute
R. Dedryvere
Alistore - European Research Institute
Universite de Pau et des Pays de L'Adour
Centre national de la recherche scientifique (CNRS)
Damien Monti
Chalmers, Applied Physics, Condensed Matter Physics
A. E. Demet
Institut de Chimie de la Matiere Condensee de Bordeaux
J. M. A. Mba
Institut de Chimie de la Matiere Condensee de Bordeaux
University of Picardie Jules Verne
Alistore - European Research Institute
L. Croguennec
Institut de Chimie de la Matiere Condensee de Bordeaux
Centre national de la recherche scientifique (CNRS)
Alistore - European Research Institute
C. Masquelier
University of Picardie Jules Verne
Alistore - European Research Institute
Centre national de la recherche scientifique (CNRS)
Patrik Johansson
Chalmers, Applied Physics, Condensed Matter Physics
M. R. Palacin
Institute of Material Science of Barcelona (ICMAB)
Alistore - European Research Institute
Energy and Environmental Sciences
1754-5692 (ISSN) 17545706 (eISSN)
Vol. 6 8 2361-2369Areas of Advance
Transport
Energy
Materials Science
Subject Categories
Condensed Matter Physics
DOI
10.1039/c3ee41379a