Why many challenges with GUI test automation (will) remain
Journal article, 2021

Context: Automated testing is ubiquitous in modern software development and used to verify requirement conformance on all levels of system abstraction, including the system's graphical user interface (GUI). GUI-based test automation, like other automation, aims to reduce the cost and time for testing compared to alternative, manual approaches. Automation has been successful in reducing costs for other forms of testing (like unit- or integration testing) in industrial practice. However, we have not yet seen the same convincing results for automated GUI-based testing, which has instead been associated with multiple technical challenges. Furthermore, the software industry has struggled with some of these challenges for more than a decade with what seems like only limited progress. Objective: This systematic literature review takes a longitudinal perspective on GUI test automation challenges by identifying them and then investigating why the field has been unable to mitigate them for so many years. Method: The review is based on a final set of 49 publications, all reporting empirical evidence from practice or industrial studies. Statements from the publications are synthesized, based on a thematic coding, into 24 challenges related to GUI test automation. Results: The most reported challenges were mapped chronologically and further analyzed to determine how they and their proposed solutions have evolved over time. This chronological mapping of reported challenges shows that four of them have existed for almost two decades. Conclusion: Based on the analysis, we discuss why the key challenges with GUI-based test automation are still present and why some will likely remain in the future. For others, we discuss possible ways of how the challenges can be addressed. Further research should focus on finding solutions to the identified technical challenges with GUI-based test automation that can be resolved or mitigated. However, in parallel, we also need to acknowledge and try to overcome non-technical challenges.

Test automation

System testing

GUI testing

Systematic literature review

Author

Michel Nass

Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, BTH

Emil Alégroth

Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, BTH

Robert Feldt

Chalmers, Computer Science and Engineering (Chalmers), Software Engineering (Chalmers)

Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, BTH

Information and Software Technology

0950-5849 (ISSN)

Vol. 138 106625

Subject Categories

Production Engineering, Human Work Science and Ergonomics

Other Engineering and Technologies not elsewhere specified

Software Engineering

DOI

10.1016/j.infsof.2021.106625

More information

Latest update

6/4/2021 6