Expressivity and Complexity of the Grammatical Framework
Doctoral thesis, 2004

This thesis investigates the expressive power and parsing complexity of the Grammatical Framework (GF), a formalism originally designed for displaying formal propositions and proofs in natural language. This is done by relating GF with two more well-known grammar formalisms; Generalized Context-Free Grammar (GCFG), best seen as a framework for describing various grammar formalisms; and Parallel Multiple Context-Free Grammar (PMCFG), an instance of GCFG. Since GF is a fairly new theory, some questions about expressivity and parsing complexity have until now not been answered; and these questions are the main focus of this thesis. The main result is that the important subclass context-free GF is equivalent to PMCFG, which has polynomial parsing complexity, and whose expressive power is fairly well known. Furthermore, we give a number of tabular parsing algorithms for PMCFG with polynomial complexity, by extending existing algorithms for context-free grammars. We suggest three possible extensions of GF/PMCFG, and discuss how the expressive power and parsing complexity are influenced. Finally, we discuss the parsing problem for unrestricted GF grammars, which is undecidable in general. We nevertheless describe a procedure for parsing grammars containing higher-order functions and dependent types.

context-free rewriting systems

multiple context-free grammar

generalized context-free grammar

type theory

expressive power

parsing

abstract syntax

linearization

Grammatical Framework

HA2
Opponent: Dr Bernard Lang, INRIA Rocquencourt, France

Author

Peter Ljunglöf

Chalmers, Department of Computing Science, Language Technology

Subject Categories

Language Technology (Computational Linguistics)

ISBN

91-628-6331-2

Technical report D - School of Computer Science and Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology: 31 D

HA2

Opponent: Dr Bernard Lang, INRIA Rocquencourt, France

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3/2/2020 9