Structural Changes of Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch (OPEFB) after Fungal and Phosphoric Acid Pretreatment
Journal article, 2012
Oil palm empty fruit bunch (OPEFB) was pretreated using white-rot fungus Pleurotus floridanus, phosphoric acid or their combination, and the results were evaluated based on the biomass components, and its structural and morphological changes. The carbohydrate losses after fungal, phosphoric acid, and fungal followed by phosphoric acid pretreatments were 7.89%, 35.65%, and 33.77%, respectively. The pretreatments changed the hydrogen bonds of cellulose and linkages between lignin and carbohydrate, which is associated with crystallinity of cellulose of OPEFB. Lateral Order Index (LOI) of OPEFB with no pretreatment, with fungal, phosphoric acid, and fungal followed by phosphoric acid pretreatments were 2.77, 1.42, 0.67, and 0.60, respectively. Phosphoric acid pretreatment showed morphological changes of OPEFB, indicated by the damage of fibre structure into smaller particle size. The fungal-, phosphoric acid-, and fungal followed by phosphoric acid pretreatments have improved the digestibility of OPEFB's cellulose by 4, 6.3, and 7.4 folds, respectively.
enzymatic-hydrolysis
ft-ir spectroscopy
ethanol-production
crystalline-structure
phosphoric acid
crystallinity
white-rot fungi
Pleurotus floridanus
x-ray-diffraction
solid-state fermentation
biological pretreatment
digestibility
production
FTIR spectra
infrared-spectroscopy
oil palm empty fruit bunch
cellulose I.
hydrogen bond
pretreatment
biogas
Author
Isroi Isroi
Chalmers, Chemical and Biological Engineering
M. M. Ishola
Lagos State University
University of Borås
Ria Millati
Gadjah Mada University
S. Syamsiah
Gadjah Mada University
M. N. Cahyanto
Gadjah Mada University
Claes Niklasson
Chalmers, Chemical and Biological Engineering, Chemical Reaction Engineering
Mohammad Taherzadeh Esfahani
University of Borås
Molecules
1420-3049 (ISSN) 14203049 (eISSN)
Vol. 17 12 14995-15012Subject Categories
Industrial Biotechnology
Areas of Advance
Energy
DOI
10.3390/molecules171214995