Towards a climate-dependent paradigm of ammonia emission and deposition
Journal article, 2013

Existing descriptions of bi-directional ammonia (NH3) land-atmosphere exchange incorporate temperature and moisture controls, and are beginning to be used in regional chemical transport models. However, such models have typically applied simpler emission factors to upscale the main NH3 emission terms. While this approach has successfully simulated the main spatial patterns on local to global scales, it fails to address the environment-and climate-dependence of emissions. To handle these issues, we outline the basis for a new modelling paradigm where both NH3 emissions and deposition are calculated online according to diurnal, seasonal and spatial differences in meteorology. We show how measurements reveal a strong, but complex pattern of climatic dependence, which is increasingly being characterized using ground-based NH3 monitoring and satellite observations, while advances in process-based modelling are illustrated for agricultural and natural sources, including a global application for seabird colonies. A future architecture for NH3 emission-deposition modelling is proposed that integrates the spatio-temporal interactions, and provides the necessary foundation to assess the consequences of climate change. Based on available measurements, a first empirical estimate suggests that 5 degrees C warming would increase emissions by 42 per cent (28-67%). Together with increased anthropogenic activity, global NH3 emissions may increase from 65 (45-85) Tg N in 2008 to reach 132 (89-179) Tg by 2100.

1994

canopy

gas-particle interactions

v19

soil biology & biochemistry

point

nitrogen

journal of atmospheric chemistry

soil

nmead ot

dutch heathland

ntener fj

atmospheric modelling

1976

deposition

p161

p331

volatilization

ammonia

plant-atmosphere exchange

emission

compensation

model

managed grassland

v8

Author

M. A. Sutton

UK Centre For Ecology & Hydrology (UKCEH)

S. Reis

UK Centre For Ecology & Hydrology (UKCEH)

S. N. Riddick

King's College London

UK Centre For Ecology & Hydrology (UKCEH)

U. Dragosits

UK Centre For Ecology & Hydrology (UKCEH)

E. Nemitz

UK Centre For Ecology & Hydrology (UKCEH)

M. R. Theobald

Complutense University

Y. S. Tang

UK Centre For Ecology & Hydrology (UKCEH)

C. F. Braban

UK Centre For Ecology & Hydrology (UKCEH)

M. Vieno

UK Centre For Ecology & Hydrology (UKCEH)

A. J. Dore

UK Centre For Ecology & Hydrology (UKCEH)

R. F. Mitchell

UK Centre For Ecology & Hydrology (UKCEH)

S. Wanless

UK Centre For Ecology & Hydrology (UKCEH)

F. Daunt

UK Centre For Ecology & Hydrology (UKCEH)

D. Fowler

UK Centre For Ecology & Hydrology (UKCEH)

T. D. Blackall

King's College London

C. Milford

Meteorological State Agency of Spain (AEMET)

University of Huelva

C. R. Flechard

Agrocampus Rennes

B. Loubet

Environnement et Grandes Cultures

R. Massad

Environnement et Grandes Cultures

P. Cellier

Environnement et Grandes Cultures

E. Personne

Environnement et Grandes Cultures

P. F. Coheur

Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB)

L. Clarisse

Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB)

M. Van Damme

Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB)

Y. Ngadi

Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB)

C. Clerbaux

Pierre and Marie Curie University (UPMC)

Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB)

C. A. Skjoth

University of Worcester

Aarhus University

C. Geels

Aarhus University

O. Hertel

Aarhus University

R. J. W. Kruit

Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research (TNO)

R. W. Pinder

United States Environmental Protection Agency

J. O. Bash

United States Environmental Protection Agency

J. T. Walker

United States Environmental Protection Agency

David Simpson

Chalmers, Earth and Space Sciences, Global Environmental Measurements and Modelling

L. Horvath

Szent István University

T. H. Misselbrook

Rothamsted Research

A. Bleeker

Energy Research Centre of the Netherlands (ECN)

F. Dentener

Joint Research Centre (JRC), European Commission

W. de Vries

Wageningen University and Research

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences

0962-8436 (ISSN) 1471-2970 (eISSN)

Vol. 368 1621

Driving Forces

Sustainable development

Subject Categories

Meteorology and Atmospheric Sciences

Biological Sciences

Climate Research

Roots

Basic sciences

DOI

10.1098/rstb.2013.0166

More information

Latest update

9/3/2020 8