Oxo-Functionalized Graphene as a Cell Membrane Carrier of Nucleic Acid Probes Controlled by Aging
Journal article, 2016
We applied a fluorescein-containing oligonucleotide ( ON) to probe surface properties of oxidized graphene ( oxo-G) and observed that graphene-like patches are formed upon aging of oxo-G, indicated by enhanced probe binding and by FTIR spectroscopic analysis. By using a recently developed fluorogenic endoperoxide ( EP) probe, we confirmed that during the aging process the amount of EPs on the oxo-G surface is reduced. Furthermore, aging was found to strongly affect cell membrane carrier properties of this material. In particular, freshly prepared oxo-G does not act as a carrier, whereas oxo-G aged for 28 days at 4 degrees C is an excellent carrier. Based on these data we prepared an optimized oxo-G, which has a low-defect density, binds ONs, is not toxic, and acts as cell membrane carrier. We successfully applied this material to design fluorogenic probes of representative intracellular nucleic acids 28S rRNA and beta-actin-mRNA. The results will help to standardize oxidized graphene derivatives for biomedical and bioanalytical applications.
carbon framework
dna
graphene oxide
oxide
aging
spectroscopy
oligonucleotides
mechanisms
reduction
stability
spectroscopy
oxo-functionalized graphene
challenges
nano-graphene
Chemistry
origin
Author
H. Pieper
University of Erlangen-Nuremberg (FAU)
C. E. Halbig
University of Erlangen-Nuremberg (FAU)
L. Kovbasyuk
University of Erlangen-Nuremberg (FAU)
M. R. Filipovic
Institut Biochimie et Genetique Cellulaires, Bordeaux
Siegfried Eigler
Chalmers, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chemistry and Biochemistry
A. Mokhir
University of Erlangen-Nuremberg (FAU)
Chemistry - A European Journal
0947-6539 (ISSN) 1521-3765 (eISSN)
Vol. 22 43 15389-15395Areas of Advance
Nanoscience and Nanotechnology
Subject Categories
Physical Chemistry
Nano Technology
DOI
10.1002/chem.201603063