Physics research on the TCV tokamak facility: From conventional to alternative scenarios and beyond
Journal article, 2019

The research program of the TCV tokamak ranges from conventional to advanced-tokamak scenarios and alternative divertor configurations, to exploratory plasmas driven by theoretical insight, exploiting the device's unique shaping capabilities. Disruption avoidance by real-time locked mode prevention or unlocking with electron-cyclotron resonance heating (ECRH) was thoroughly documented, using magnetic and radiation triggers. Runaway generation with high-Z noble-gas injection and runaway dissipation by subsequent Ne or Ar injection were studied for model validation. The new 1 MW neutral beam injector has expanded the parameter range, now encompassing ELMy H-modes in an ITER-like shape and nearly non-inductive H-mode discharges sustained by electron cyclotron and neutral beam current drive. In the H-mode, the pedestal pressure increases modestly with nitrogen seeding while fueling moves the density pedestal outwards, but the plasma stored energy is largely uncorrelated to either seeding or fueling. High fueling at high triangularity is key to accessing the attractive small edge-localized mode (type-II) regime. Turbulence is reduced in the core at negative triangularity, consistent with increased confinement and in accord with global gyrokinetic simulations. The geodesic acoustic mode, possibly coupled with avalanche events, has been linked with particle flow to the wall in diverted plasmas. Detachment, scrape-off layer transport, and turbulence were studied in L- and H-modes in both standard and alternative configurations (snowflake, super-X, and beyond). The detachment process is caused by power 'starvation' reducing the ionization source, with volume recombination playing only a minor role. Partial detachment in the H-mode is obtained with impurity seeding and has shown little dependence on flux expansion in standard single-null geometry. In the attached L-mode phase, increasing the outer connection length reduces the in-out heat-flow asymmetry. A doublet plasma, featuring an internal X-point, was achieved successfully, and a transport barrier was observed in the mantle just outside the internal separatrix. In the near future variable-configuration baffles and possibly divertor pumping will be introduced to investigate the effect of divertor closure on exhaust and performance, and 3.5 MW ECRH and 1 MW neutral beam injection heating will be added.

TCV, MST1

tokamak

nuclear fusion

EUROfusion

overview

Author

S. Coda

Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL)

M. Agostini

Consorzio Rfx

R. Albanese

University of Naples Federico II

S. Alberti

Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL)

E. Alessi

Istituto Di Fisica Del Plasma Piero Caldirola, Milan

S.Y. Allan

Durham University

J.S. Allcock

Durham University

R. Ambrosino

University Parthenope

H. Anand

ITER Organization

Y. Andrebe

Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL)

H. Arnichand

Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL)

F. Auriemma

Consorzio Rfx

J.M. Ayllon-Guerola

University of Seville

F. Bagnato

Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL)

J. Ball

Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL)

M. Baquero-Ruiz

Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL)

A.A. Beletskii

National Science Center

M. Bernert

Max Planck Society

W. Bin

Istituto Di Fisica Del Plasma Piero Caldirola, Milan

P. Blanchard

Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL)

T.C. Blanken

Eindhoven University of Technology

J.A. Boedo

University of California

O. Bogar

Czech Academy of Sciences

T. Bolzonella

Consorzio Rfx

F. Bombarda

ENEA

N. Bonanomi

University of Milano-Bicocca

F. Bouquey

The French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission (CEA)

C. Bowman

University of York

D. Brida

Max Planck Society

J. Bucalossi

The French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission (CEA)

J. Buermans

Royal Military Academy

H. Bufferand

The French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission (CEA)

P. Buratti

ENEA

G. Calabro

Tuscia University

L. Calacci

University of Rome Tor Vergata

Y. Camenen

Physique des Interactions Ioniques et Moleculaires

D. Carnevale

University of Rome Tor Vergata

F. Carpanese

Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL)

M. Carr

Culham Science Centre

L. Carraro

Consorzio Rfx

A. Casolari

Czech Academy of Sciences

F. Causa

Istituto Di Fisica Del Plasma Piero Caldirola, Milan

J. Čeřovský

Czech Academy of Sciences

O. Chellaï

Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL)

P. Chmielewski

Instytut Problemow Jadrowyc

D. Choi

Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL)

N. Christen

University of Oxford

G. Ciraolo

The French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission (CEA)

L. Cordaro

Consorzio Rfx

S. Costea

University of Innsbruck

N. Cruz

Instituto Superior Tecnico

A. Czarnecka

Instytut Problemow Jadrowyc

A. Dal Molin

University of Milano-Bicocca

P. David

Max Planck Society

J. Decker

Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL)

H. De Oliveira

Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL)

D. Douai

The French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission (CEA)

M. Dreval

National Science Center

Benjamin Dudson

University of York

M. Dunne

Max Planck Society

B. Duval

Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL)

T. Eich

Max Planck Society

S.D. Elmore

Culham Science Centre

Ola Embréus

Chalmers, Physics, Subatomic and Plasma Physics

B. Esposito

ENEA

M. Faitsch

Max Planck Society

M. Farnik

Czech Academy of Sciences

A. Fasoli

Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL)

N. Fedorczak

The French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission (CEA)

F Felici

Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL)

S. Feng

University of Milano-Bicocca

X. Feng

Durham University

G. Ferrò

University of Rome Tor Vergata

O. Février

Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL)

O. Ficker

Czech Academy of Sciences

A. Fil

University of York

M. Fontana

Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL)

L. Frassinetti

Royal Institute of Technology (KTH)

Ivo Furno

Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL)

D. Gahle

University of Strathclyde

D. Galassi

Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL)

K. Galazka

Instytut Problemow Jadrowyc

A. Gallo

The French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission (CEA)

C. Galperti

Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL)

S. Garavaglia

Istituto Di Fisica Del Plasma Piero Caldirola, Milan

J. Garcia

The French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission (CEA)

M. Garcia-Munoz

University of Seville

A.J. Garrido

University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU)

I. Garrido

University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU)

J. Gath

Technical University of Denmark (DTU)

B. Geiger

Max Planck Society

G. Giruzzi

The French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission (CEA)

M. Gobbin

Consorzio Rfx

T. Goodman

Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL)

G. Gorini

University of Milano-Bicocca

M. Gospodarczyk

University of Rome Tor Vergata

G. Granucci

Istituto Di Fisica Del Plasma Piero Caldirola, Milan

J.P. Graves

Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL)

M. Gruca

Instytut Problemow Jadrowyc

T. Gyergyek

Jozef Stefan Institute

A.H. Hakola

Technical Research Centre of Finland (VTT)

T. Happel

Max Planck Society

G.F. Harrer

University of Vienna

J.R. Harrison

Culham Science Centre

E. Havličková

Culham Science Centre

J. Hawke

Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL)

S.S. Henderson

Culham Science Centre

P. Hennequin

École polytechnique

L. Hesslow

Chalmers, Physics, Subatomic and Plasma Physics

D. Hogeweij

Dutch Institute for Fundamental Energy Research (DIFFER)

J.-Ph. Hogge

Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL)

C. Hopf

Max Planck Society

M. Hoppe

Chalmers, Physics, Subatomic and Plasma Physics

J. Horáček

Czech Academy of Sciences

Z. Huang

Max Planck Society

A. Hubbard

Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)

A. Iantchenko

Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL)

V. Igochine

Max Planck Society

P. Innocente

Consorzio Rfx

C. Ionita Schrittwieser

University of Innsbruck

H. Isliker

Aristotle University of Thessaloniki

R. Jacquier

Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL)

A. Jardin

Polish Academy of Sciences

A. Kappatou

Max Planck Society

A. Karpushov

Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL)

P.-V. Kazantzidis

National Technical University of Athens (NTUA)

D. Keeling

Culham Science Centre

N. Kirneva

National Research Centre "Kurchatov Institute"

M. Komm

Czech Academy of Sciences

M. Kong

Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL)

J. Kovacic

Jozef Stefan Institute

N. Krawczyk

Instytut Problemow Jadrowyc

O. Kudlacek

Max Planck Society

Taina Kurki-Suonio

Aalto University

R. Kwiatkowski

National Centre for Nuclear Research

B. Labit

Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL)

E. Lazzaro

Istituto Di Fisica Del Plasma Piero Caldirola, Milan

B. Linehan

Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)

B. Lipschultz

University of York

X. Llobet

Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL)

R. Lombroni

Tuscia University

V.P. Loschiavo

University of Naples Federico II

T. Lunt

Max Planck Society

E. Macusova

Czech Academy of Sciences

J. Madsen

Technical University of Denmark (DTU)

E. Maljaars

Eindhoven University of Technology

P. Mantica

Istituto Di Fisica Del Plasma Piero Caldirola, Milan

Mark Maraschek

Max Planck Society

C. Marchetto

Istituto Di Fisica Del Plasma Piero Caldirola, Milan

A. Marco

IDOM

A. Mariani

Istituto Di Fisica Del Plasma Piero Caldirola, Milan

C. Marini

General Atomics

Y. Martin

Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL)

F. Matos

Max Planck Society

R. Maurizio

Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL)

B. Mavkov

University of Melbourne

D. Mazon

The French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission (CEA)

P. McCarthy

University College Cork

R. McDermott

Max Planck Society

V. Menkovski

Eindhoven University of Technology

A. Merle

Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL)

H.F. Meyer

Culham Science Centre

D. Micheletti

Istituto Di Fisica Del Plasma Piero Caldirola, Milan

F. Militello

Culham Science Centre

K. Mitosinkova

Czech Academy of Sciences

J. Mlynar

Czech Academy of Sciences

V. Moiseenko

National Science Center

P.A. Molina Cabrera

Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL)

J. Morales

The French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission (CEA)

J.-M. Moret

Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL)

A. Moro

Istituto Di Fisica Del Plasma Piero Caldirola, Milan

R.T. Mumgaard

Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)

V Naulin

Technical University of Denmark (DTU)

R.D. Nem

Technical University of Denmark (DTU)

F. Nespoli

Physique des Interactions Ioniques et Moleculaires

A.H. Nielsen

Technical University of Denmark (DTU)

S. K. Nielsen

Technical University of Denmark (DTU)

M. Nocente

University of Milano-Bicocca

S. Nowak

Istituto Di Fisica Del Plasma Piero Caldirola, Milan

N. Offeddu

Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL)

F. Orsitto

University of Naples Federico II

R. Paccagnella

Consorzio Rfx

A. Palha

Eindhoven University of Technology

Gergely Papp

Max Planck Society

A. Pau

University of Cagliari

R. Pavlichenko

National Science Center

A. Perek

Dutch Institute for Fundamental Energy Research (DIFFER)

V. Pericoli Ridolfini

Instytut Problemow Jadrowyc

F. Pesamosca

Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL)

V. Piergotti

ENEA

L. Pigatto

Consorzio Rfx

P. Piovesan

Consorzio Rfx

C. Piron

Consorzio Rfx

V V Plyusnin

Instituto Superior Tecnico

E. Poli

Max Planck Society

L. Porte

Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL)

G. Pucella

ENEA

M.E. Puiatti

Consorzio Rfx

T. Pütterich

Max Planck Society

M. Rabinski

National Centre for Nuclear Research

J. Juul Rasmussen

Technical University of Denmark (DTU)

T. Ravensbergen

Eindhoven University of Technology

M. Reich

Max Planck Society

H. Reimerdes

Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL)

F. Reimold

Forschungszentrum Jülich

C Reux

The French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission (CEA)

D. Ricci

Istituto Di Fisica Del Plasma Piero Caldirola, Milan

Paolo Ricci

Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL)

N. Rispoli

Istituto Di Fisica Del Plasma Piero Caldirola, Milan

J. Rosato

Physique des Interactions Ioniques et Moleculaires

S. Saarelma

Culham Science Centre

M. Salewski

Technical University of Denmark (DTU)

A. Salmi

Technical Research Centre of Finland (VTT)

O. Sauter

Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL)

M. Scheffer

Eindhoven University of Technology

Ch. Schlatter

Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL)

B.S. Schneider

University of Innsbruck

R. Schrittwieser

University of Innsbruck

S. E. Sharapov

Culham Science Centre

R.R. Sheeba

Physique des Interactions Ioniques et Moleculaires

U. Sheikh

Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL)

R. Shousha

Eindhoven University of Technology

M. Silva

Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL)

J. Sinha

ITER Organization

C. Sozzi

Istituto Di Fisica Del Plasma Piero Caldirola, Milan

M. Spolaore

Consorzio Rfx

L. Stipani

Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL)

Pär Strand

Chalmers, Space, Earth and Environment, Astronomy and Plasmaphysics

T. Tala

Technical Research Centre of Finland (VTT)

A.S. Tema Biwole

Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL)

A. Teplukhina

Princeton University

D. Testa

Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL)

C. Theiler

Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL)

A.J. Thornton

Culham Science Centre

G. Tomaž

Jozef Stefan Institute

M. Tomeš

Czech Academy of Sciences

M.Q. Tran

Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL)

C. Tsironis

National Technical University of Athens (NTUA)

C.K. Tsui

Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL)

J. Urban

Czech Academy of Sciences

M. Valisa

Consorzio Rfx

M. Vallar

Consorzio Rfx

D. Van Vugt

Eindhoven University of Technology

S. Vartanian

The French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission (CEA)

O. Vasilovici

University of Innsbruck

K. Verhaegh

University of York

L. Vermare

École polytechnique

N. Vianello

Consorzio Rfx

E. Viezzer

University of Seville

W.A.J. Vijvers

Dutch Institute for Fundamental Energy Research (DIFFER)

F. Villone

University of Naples Federico II

I. Voitsekhovitch

Culham Science Centre

N.M.T. Vu

Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL)

N. R. Walkden

Culham Science Centre

T Wauters

Royal Military Academy

M. Weiland

Max Planck Society

H. Weisen

Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL)

M. Wensing

Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL)

M. Wiesenberger

Technical University of Denmark (DTU)

George Wilkie

Chalmers, Physics, Subatomic and Plasma Physics

M. Wischmeier

Max Planck Society

K. Wu

Tuscia University

M. Yoshida

National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology

R. Zagórski

Instytut Problemow Jadrowyc

P. Zanca

Consorzio Rfx

J. Zebrowski

National Centre for Nuclear Research

A. Zisis

University of Athens

M. Zuin

Consorzio Rfx

Nuclear Fusion

0029-5515 (ISSN) 1741-4326 (eISSN)

Vol. 59 11 112023

Subject Categories

Energy Engineering

Other Physics Topics

Fusion, Plasma and Space Physics

DOI

10.1088/1741-4326/ab25cb

More information

Latest update

11/12/2021