Measurements of the Dust Properties in z similar or equal to 1-3 Submillimeter Galaxies with ALMA
Journal article, 2021
We present Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) 2 mm continuum observations of a complete and unbiased sample of 99 870 mu m selected submillimeter galaxies (SMGs) in the Extended Chandra Deep Field South (ALESS). Our observations of each SMG reach average sensitivities of 53 mu Jy beam(-1). We measure the flux densities for 70 sources, for which we obtain a typical 870 mu m-to-2 mm flux ratio of 14 +/- 5. We do not find a redshift dependence of this flux ratio, which would be expected if the dust emission properties of our SMGs were the same at all redshifts. By combining our ALMA measurements with existing Herschel/SPIRE observations, we construct a (biased) subset of 27 galaxies for which the cool dust emission is sufficiently well sampled to obtain precise constraints on their dust properties using simple isothermal models. Thanks to our new 2 mm observations, the dust emissivity index is well constrained and robust against different dust opacity assumptions. The median dust emissivity index of our SMGs is beta similar or equal to 1.9 +/- 0.4, consistent with the emissivity index of dust in the Milky Way and other local and high-redshift galaxies, as well as classical dust-grain model predictions. We also find a negative correlation between the dust temperature and beta, similar to low-redshift observational and theoretical studies. Our results indicate that beta similar or equal to 2 in high-redshift dusty star-forming galaxies, implying little evolution in dust-grain properties between our SMGs and local dusty galaxy samples, and suggesting that these high-mass and high-metallicity galaxies have dust reservoirs driven by grain growth in their interstellar medium.
Author
E. da Cunha
Australian National University
University of Western Australia
ARC Centre of Excellence for All Sky Astrophysics in 3 Dimensions (ASTRO 3D)
J. A. Hodge
Leiden University
C. M. Casey
The University of Texas at Austin
H. S. B. Algera
Leiden University
M. Kaasinen
Max Planck Society
Heidelberg University
I Smail
Durham University
F. Walter
Max Planck Society
W. N. Brandt
Pennsylvania State University
H. Dannerbauer
Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias
University of La Laguna
R. Decarli
Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)
B. A. Groves
University of Western Australia
Australian National University
Kirsten Kraiberg Knudsen
Chalmers, Space, Earth and Environment, Astronomy and Plasmaphysics
A. M. Swinbank
Durham University
A. Weiss
Max Planck Society
P. van der Werf
Leiden University
J. A. Zavala
The University of Texas at Austin
Astrophysical Journal
0004-637X (ISSN) 1538-4357 (eISSN)
Vol. 919 1 30Subject Categories
Meteorology and Atmospheric Sciences
Astronomy, Astrophysics and Cosmology
Other Physics Topics
DOI
10.3847/1538-4357/ac0ae0