FADS1 rs174550 genotype and high linoleic acid diet modify plasma PUFA phospholipids in a dietary intervention study
Journal article, 2022

Introduction: Fatty acid desaturase 1 (FADS1) gene encodes for delta-5 desaturase enzyme which is needed in conversion of linoleic acid (LA) to arachidonic acid (AA). Recent studies have shown that response to dietary PUFAs differs between the genotypes in circulating fatty acids. However, interactions between the FADS1 genotype and dietary LA on overall metabolism have not been studied. Objectives: We aimed to examine the interactions of FADS1 rs174550 genotypes (TT and CC) and high-LA diet to identify plasma metabolites that respond differentially to dietary LA according to the FADS1 genotype. Methods: A total of 59 men (TT n = 26, CC n = 33) consumed a sunflower oil supplemented diet for 4 weeks. Daily dose of 30, 40, or 50 ml was calculated based on body mass index. It resulted in 17–28 g of LA on top of the usual daily intake. Fasting plasma samples at the beginning and at the end of the intervention were analyzed with LC–MS/MS non-targeted metabolomics method. Results: At the baseline, the carriers of FADS1 rs174550-TT genotype had higher abundance of long-chain PUFA phospholipids compared to the FADS1 rs174550-CC one. In response to the high-LA diet, LA phospholipids and long-chain acylcarnitines increased and lysophospholipids decreased in fasting plasma similarly in both genotypes. LysoPE (20:4), LysoPC (20:4), and PC (16:0_20:4) decreased and cortisol increased in the carriers of rs174550-CC genotype; however, these genotype–diet interactions were not significant after correction for multiple testing. Conclusion: Our findings show that both FADS1 rs174550 genotype and high-LA diet modify plasma phospholipid composition. Trial registration: The study was registered to ClinicalTrials: NCT02543216, September 7, 2015 (retrospectively registered).

Personalized nutrition

Linoleic acid

Metabolomics

Human

Diet

FADS1

Author

Topi Meuronen

University of Eastern Finland

Maria A. Lankinen

University of Eastern Finland

Olli Kärkkäinen

University of Eastern Finland

M. Laakso

University of Eastern Finland

Jussi Pihlajamäki

University of Eastern Finland

Kuopio University Hospital

Kati Hanhineva

University of Eastern Finland

University of Turku

Chalmers, Biology and Biological Engineering, Food and Nutrition Science

Ursula Schwab

Kuopio University Hospital

University of Eastern Finland

European Journal of Nutrition

1436-6207 (ISSN) 1436-6215 (eISSN)

Vol. 61 2 1109-1120

Subject Categories

Endocrinology and Diabetes

Food Science

Nutrition and Dietetics

DOI

10.1007/s00394-021-02722-w

More information

Latest update

4/5/2022 5