TOI-969: a late-K dwarf with a hot mini-Neptune in the desert and an eccentric cold Jupiter
Journal article, 2023
Context. The current architecture of a given multi-planetary system is a key fingerprint of its past formation and dynamical evolution history. Long-term follow-up observations are key to complete their picture. Aims. In this paper, we focus on the confirmation and characterization of the components of the TOI-969 planetary system, where TESS detected a Neptune-size planet candidate in a very close-in orbit around a late K-dwarf star. Methods. We use a set of precise radial velocity observations from HARPS, PFS, and CORALIE instruments covering more than two years in combination with the TESS photometric light curve and other ground-based follow-up observations to confirm and characterize the components of this planetary system. Results. We find that TOI-969 b is a transiting close-in (Pb ∼ 1.82 days) mini-Neptune planet (Formula Presented), placing it on the lower boundary of the hot-Neptune desert (Teq,b = 941 ± 31 K). The analysis of its internal structure shows that TOI-969 b is a volatile-rich planet, suggesting it underwent an inward migration. The radial velocity model also favors the presence of a second massive body in the system, TOI-969 c, with a long period of (Formula Presented) days, a minimum mass of (Formula Presented), and a highly eccentric orbit of (Formula Presented). Conclusions. The TOI-969 planetary system is one of the few around K-dwarfs known to have this extended configuration going from a very close-in planet to a wide-separation gaseous giant. TOI-969 b has a transmission spectroscopy metric of 93 and orbits a moderately bright (G = 11.3 mag) star, making it an excellent target for atmospheric studies. The architecture of this planetary system can also provide valuable information about migration and formation of planetary systems.
planets and satellites: fundamental parameters
planets and satellites: composition
techniques: photometric
planets and satellites: detection
stars: individual: TOI-969
techniques: radial velocities
Author
J. Lillo-Box
European Space Astronomy Centre (ESAC)
D. Gandolfi
University of Turin
D. J. Armstrong
The University of Warwick
K. A. Collins
Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics
L. D. Nielsen
University of Geneva
European Southern Observatory (ESO)
R. Luque
Institute of Astrophysics of Andalusia (IAA)
Judith Korth
Chalmers, Space, Earth and Environment, Astronomy and Plasmaphysics
S. G. Sousa
University of Porto
S. N. Quinn
Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics
L. Acuña
Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille
S. B. Howell
NASA Ames Research Center
Giuseppe Morello
University of La Laguna
Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias
Coel Hellier
Keele University
S. Giacalone
University of California
S. Hoyer
Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille
K. Stassun
Vanderbilt University
E. Palle
Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias
University of La Laguna
A. Aguichine
Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille
O. Mousis
Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille
V. Adibekyan
University of Porto
T. Azevedo Silva
University of Porto
D. Barrado
European Space Astronomy Centre (ESAC)
M. Deleuil
Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille
J. D. Eastman
Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics
A. Fukui
Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias
University of Tokyo
F. Hawthorn
The University of Warwick
J. M. Irwin
University of Cambridge
Jon M. Jenkins
NASA Ames Research Center
D. W. Latham
Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics
Alexandra Muresan
Chalmers, Space, Earth and Environment, Astronomy and Plasmaphysics
N. Narita
Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias
National Institutes of Natural Sciences
University of Tokyo
Carina Persson
Chalmers, Space, Earth and Environment, Astronomy and Plasmaphysics
A. Santerne
Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille
N. C. Santos
University of Porto
A. B. Savel
University of Maryland
H. P. Osborn
University of Bern
J. K. Teske
Carnegie Observatories
P. J. Wheatley
The University of Warwick
J. N. Winn
Princeton University
S. C.C. Barros
University of Porto
R. P. Butler
Carnegie Observatories
D. A. Caldwell
NASA Ames Research Center
D. Charbonneau
Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics
R. Cloutier
Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics
J. D. Crane
Carnegie Observatories
O. Demangeon
University of Porto
R. F. Díaz
Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas
X. Dumusque
University of Geneva
M. Esposito
Thüringer Landessternwarte Tautenburg
B. Falk
Space Telescope Science Institute (STScI)
H. Gill
University of California
S. Hojjatpanah
Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille
L. Kreidberg
Max Planck Society
Ismael Mireles
University of New Mexico
A. Osborn
The University of Warwick
G. R. Ricker
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
J. E. Rodriguez
Michigan State University
R. P. Schwarz
Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics
S. Seager
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
J. Serrano Bell
National University of La Plata
S.A. Shectman
Carnegie Observatories
Avi Shporer
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
Michael L. Vezie
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
S. X. Wang
Tsinghua University
G. Zhou
University of Southern Queensland
Astronomy and Astrophysics
0004-6361 (ISSN) 1432-0746 (eISSN)
Vol. 669 A109Subject Categories
Astronomy, Astrophysics and Cosmology
Embedded Systems
Computer Science
DOI
10.1051/0004-6361/202243879