The Impact of Acute Nutritional Interventions on the Plasma Proteome
Journal article, 2023
Context: Humans respond profoundly to changes in diet, while nutrition and environment have a great impact on population health. It is therefore important to deeply characterize the human nutritional responses. Objective: Endocrine parameters and the metabolome of human plasma are rapidly responding to acute nutritional interventions such as caloric restriction or a glucose challenge. It is less well understood whether the plasma proteome would be equally dynamic, and whether it could be a source of corresponding biomarkers. Methods: We used high-throughput mass spectrometry to determine changes in the plasma proteome of i) 10 healthy, young, male individuals in response to 2 days of acute caloric restriction followed by refeeding; ii) 200 individuals of the Ely epidemiological study before and after a glucose tolerance test at 4 time points (0, 30, 60, 120 minutes); and iii) 200 random individuals from the Generation Scotland study. We compared the proteomic changes detected with metabolome data and endocrine parameters. Results: Both caloric restriction and the glucose challenge substantially impacted the plasma proteome. Proteins responded across individuals or in an individual-specific manner. We identified nutrient-responsive plasma proteins that correlate with changes in the metabolome, as well as with endocrine parameters. In particular, our study highlights the role of apolipoprotein C1 (APOC1), a small, understudied apolipoprotein that was affected by caloric restriction and dominated the response to glucose consumption and differed in abundance between individuals with and without type 2 diabetes. Conclusion: Our study identifies APOC1 as a dominant nutritional responder in humans and highlights the interdependency of acute nutritional response proteins and the endocrine system.
oral glucose tolerance test
type 2 diabetes
caloric restriction
plasma proteomics
APOC1
Author
Vernardis
The Francis Crick Institute
Eliptica Ltd
Vadim Demichev
Charité University Medicine Berlin
Oliver Lemke
Charité University Medicine Berlin
Nana-Maria Gruening
Charité University Medicine Berlin
Christoph Messner
The Francis Crick Institute
Matt White
The Francis Crick Institute
Maik Pietzner
Charité University Medicine Berlin
University of Cambridge
Alina Peluso
The Francis Crick Institute
Tinh-Hai Collet
University of Geneva
University of Cambridge
Elana Henning
University of Cambridge
Christoph Gille
Charité University Medicine Berlin
Archie Campbell
University of Edinburgh
Caroline Hayward
University of Edinburgh
David J. Porteous
University of Edinburgh
Riccardo E. Marioni
University of Edinburgh
Michael Muelleder
Charité University Medicine Berlin
Aleksej Zelezniak
Chalmers, Life Sciences, Systems and Synthetic Biology
Claudia Langenberg
University of Cambridge
Queen Mary University of London
Charité University Medicine Berlin
I. Sadaf Farooqi
University of Cambridge
Markus Ralser
The Francis Crick Institute
Charité University Medicine Berlin
Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism
0021-972X (ISSN) 19457197 (eISSN)
Vol. 108 8 2087-2098Subject Categories
Endocrinology and Diabetes
Other Clinical Medicine
Nutrition and Dietetics
DOI
10.1210/clinem/dgad031
PubMed
36658456