Symmetry in Arrow-Like Salt Crystals

Book chapter, 2022

In the present paper the symmetry invariants of peculiar arrow-like chains of crystals are discussed. These unusual crystals grow in cascades at highly non-equilibrium conditions in thin liquid films. The morphology of arrow-like crystals differs from the ordinary dendrite salt crystals: the arrow-like crystals reveal a geometric symmetry of reflection to the central axis, translational symmetry, and self-similarity of structural elements. A catalogue of the observed arrow-like shapes of crystals demonstrating symmetry transformations is presented.