Multiscale Investigation of Sodium-Ion Battery Anodes: Analytical Techniques and Applications
Journal article, 2024
The anode/electrolyte interface behavior, and by extension, the overall cell performance of sodium-ion batteries is determined by a complex interaction of processes that occur at all components of the electrochemical cell across a wide range of size- and timescales. Single-scale studies may provide incomplete insights, as they cannot capture the full picture of this complex and intertwined behavior. Broad, multiscale studies are essential to elucidate these processes. Within this perspectives article, several analytical and theoretical techniques are introduced, and described how they can be combined to provide a more complete and comprehensive understanding of sodium-ion battery (SIB) performance throughout its lifetime, with a special focus on the interfaces of hard carbon anodes. These methods target various length- and time scales, ranging from micro to nano, from cell level to atomistic structures, and account for a broad spectrum of physical and (electro)chemical characteristics. Specifically, how mass spectrometric, microscopic, spectroscopic, electrochemical, thermodynamic, and physical methods can be employed to obtain the various types of information required to understand battery behavior will be explored. Ways are then discussed how these methods can be coupled together in order to elucidate the multiscale phenomena at the anode interface and develop a holistic understanding of their relationship to overall sodium-ion battery function.
sodium-ion battery
SEI
solid electrolyte interphase
multiscale
hard carbon
Author
David Schäfer
Justus Liebig University Giessen
Kie Hankins
Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)
Michelle Allion
Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)
Ulrike Krewer
Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)
Franziska Karcher
Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)
Laurin Derr
Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)
Rolf Schuster
Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)
Julia Maibach
Chalmers, Physics, Materials Physics
Stefan Mück
Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)
Dominik Kramer
Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)
Reiner Mönig
Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)
Fabian Jeschull
Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)
Sven Daboss
University of Ulm
Tom Philipp
University of Ulm
Gregor Neusser
University of Ulm
Jan Romer
University of Ulm
Krishnaveni Palanisamy
University of Ulm
Christine Kranz
University of Ulm
Florian Buchner
University of Ulm
R.J. Behm
University of Ulm
Ali Ahmadian
Helmholtz
Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)
C. Kubel
Helmholtz
Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)
Irshad Mohammad
AIT Austrian Institute of Technology
Ago Samoson
Tallinn University of Technology (TalTech)
Raiker Witter
University of Ulm
Bernd Smarsly
Justus Liebig University Giessen
Marcus Rohnke
Justus Liebig University Giessen
Advanced Energy Materials
1614-6832 (ISSN) 1614-6840 (eISSN)
Vol. 14 15 2302830Subject Categories
Materials Chemistry
DOI
10.1002/aenm.202302830