Enabling efficient and low-effort decentralized federated learning with the EdgeFL framework

Journal article, 2025

Context: Federated Learning (FL) has gained prominence as a solution for preserving data privacy in machine learning applications. However, existing FL frameworks pose challenges for software engineers due to implementation complexity, limited customization options, and scalability issues. These limitations prevent the practical deployment of FL, especially in dynamic and resource-constrained edge environments, preventing its widespread adoption. Objective: To address these challenges, we propose EdgeFL, an efficient and low-effort FL framework designed to overcome centralized aggregation, implementation complexity and scalability limitations. EdgeFL applies a decentralized architecture that eliminates reliance on a central server by enabling direct model training and aggregation among edge nodes, which enhances fault tolerance and adaptability to diverse edge environments. Methods: We conducted experiments and a case study to demonstrate the effectiveness of EdgeFL. Our approach focuses on reducing weight update latency and facilitating faster model evolution on edge devices. Results: Our findings indicate that EdgeFL outperforms existing FL frameworks in terms of learning efficiency and performance. By enabling quicker model evolution on edge devices, EdgeFL enhances overall efficiency and responsiveness to changing data patterns. Conclusion: EdgeFL offers a solution for software engineers and companies seeking the benefits of FL, while effectively overcoming the challenges and privacy concerns associated with traditional FL frameworks. Its decentralized approach, simplified implementation, combined with enhanced customization and fault tolerance, make it suitable for diverse applications and industries.