Future of autonomous driving: Single autonomous driving and intelligent vehicle-infrastructure collaboration systems

Review article, 2024

As global traffic congestion and safety concerns become increasingly prominent, the widespread application of autonomous driving technology is considered a vital solution. Two prominent areas of research in autonomous driving are single autonomous driving (SAD) and intelligent vehicle-infrastructure collaboration systems (i-VICS). This paper explores the fundamental concepts and critical technologies of both. In terms of SAD, the focus is on perception, localization, decision-making, planning, and control execution, while i-VICS is centered on cooperative perception, collaborative localization, vehicle-to-infrastructure communication, and hierarchical cloud control. Furthermore, it reviews the progress of research in these technologies and summarizes the development paths chosen by China, the United States, Germany, and Japan. The transformative impact of these technologies on the commercial and industrial supply chains is also examined. Finally, the paper analyzes the technical challenges faced by both SAD and i-VICS, along with the social and legal challenges of autonomous driving, offering insights into future development directions, and providing a reference for the innovation and application of autonomous driving technology.