ALMA Lensing Cluster Survey: Deep 1.2 mm Number Counts and Infrared Luminosity Functions at z ≃ 1-8
Journal article, 2024
We present a statistical study of 180 dust continuum sources identified in 33 massive cluster fields by the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array Lensing Cluster Survey (ALCS) over a total of 133 arcmin2 area, homogeneously observed at 1.2 mm. ALCS enables us to detect extremely faint millimeter sources by lensing magnification, including near-infrared (NIR) dark objects showing no counterparts in existing Hubble Space Telescope and Spitzer images. The dust continuum sources belong to a blind sample (N = 141) with signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) ≳ 5.0 (a purity of >0.99) or a secondary sample (N = 39) with S/N = 4.0-5.0 screened by priors. With the blind sample, we securely derive 1.2 mm number counts down to ∼7 μJy, and find that the total integrated 1.2 mm flux is 20.7 − 6.5 + 8.5 Jy deg−2, resolving ≃80% of the cosmic infrared background light. The resolved fraction varies by a factor of 0.6-1.1 due to the completeness correction depending on the spatial size of the millimeter emission. We also derive infrared (IR) luminosity functions (LFs) at z = 0.6-7.5 with the 1 / V max method, finding the redshift evolution of IR LFs characterized by positive luminosity and negative density evolution. The total (= UV + IR) cosmic star formation rate density (SFRD) at z > 4 is estimated to be 161 − 21 + 25 % of the Madau and Dickinson measurements mostly based on rest-frame UV surveys. Although our general understanding of the cosmic SFRD is unlikely to change beyond a factor of 2, these results add to the weight of evidence for an additional (≈60%) SFRD component contributed by the faint millimeter population, including NIR-dark objects.
Author
S. Fujimoto
Niels Bohr Institute
University of Texas
Cosmic Dawn Center (DAWN)
Kotaro Kohno
Research Center for the Early Universe
University of Tokyo
Masami Ouchi
National Astronomical Observatory of Japan
University of Tokyo
M. Oguri
Chiba University
V. Kokorev
University of Groningen
Niels Bohr Institute
Cosmic Dawn Center (DAWN)
G. Brammer
Cosmic Dawn Center (DAWN)
Niels Bohr Institute
Fengwu Sun
University of Arizona
J. González-López
Las Campanas Observatory
Diego Portales University
F. E. Bauer
Millennium Institute of Astrophysics
Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile
G. B. Caminha
University of Groningen
B. Hatsukade
National Astronomical Observatory of Japan
University of Tokyo
The Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI)
J. Richard
École Normale Supérieure de Lyon
I. Smail
Durham University
Akiyoshi Tsujita
University of Tokyo
Yoshihiro Ueda
Kyoto University
Ryosuke Uematsu
Kyoto University
A. Zitrin
Ben-Gurion University of the Negev
D. Coe
Johns Hopkins University
Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy (AURA)
Space Telescope Science Institute (STScI)
J.P.J.P. Kneib
Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne (EPFL)
M. Postman
Space Telescope Science Institute (STScI)
K. Umetsu
Academia Sinica
C. D. P. Lagos
University of Western Australia
ARC Centre of Excellence for All-sky Astrophysics (CAASTRO)
Cosmic Dawn Center (DAWN)
Gergö Popping
European Southern Observatory (ESO)
Y. Ao
Chinese Academy of Sciences
Larry Bradley
Space Telescope Science Institute (STScI)
Karina I. Caputi
University of Groningen
Cosmic Dawn Center (DAWN)
M. Dessauges-Zavadsky
University of Geneva
Eiichi Egami
University of Arizona
D. Espada
Universidad de Granada
R. J. Ivison
European Southern Observatory (ESO)
Mathilde Jauzac
Durham University
Kirsten Knudsen
Chalmers, Space, Earth and Environment, Astronomy and Plasmaphysics
Anton M. Koekemoer
Space Telescope Science Institute (STScI)
Georgios E. Magdis
Technical University of Denmark (DTU)
Cosmic Dawn Center (DAWN)
Niels Bohr Institute
Guillaume Mahler
Durham University
A. M. Muñoz Arancibia
Millennium Institute of Astrophysics
University of Chile (UCH)
T.D. Rawle
European Space Agency (ESA)
K. Shimasaku
University of Tokyo
Research Center for the Early Universe
Sune Toft
Cosmic Dawn Center (DAWN)
Niels Bohr Institute
H. Umehata
Nagoya University
California Institute of Technology (Caltech)
F. Valentino
Niels Bohr Institute
Cosmic Dawn Center (DAWN)
European Southern Observatory (ESO)
T. Wang
Nanjing University
Wei Hao Wang
Academia Sinica
Astrophysical Journal, Supplement Series
0067-0049 (ISSN) 1538-4365 (eISSN)
Vol. 275 2 36Galaxy evolution: Tracing the gas fraction of star-forming galaxies
Swedish Research Council (VR) (2015-05580), 2016-01-01 -- 2019-12-31.
The Origin and Fate of Dust in Our Universe
Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation (KAW 2019.0443), 2020-06-01 -- 2023-05-31.
Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation (KAW 2020.0081), 2021-07-01 -- 2026-06-30.
Subject Categories (SSIF 2011)
Astronomy, Astrophysics and Cosmology
DOI
10.3847/1538-4365/ad5ae2