Observation of multiple steady states with engineered dissipation
Journal article, 2025
Simulating the dynamics of open quantum systems is essential in achieving practical quantum computation and understanding novel nonequilibrium behaviors. However, quantum simulation of a many-body system coupled to an engineered reservoir has yet to be fully explored in present-day experiment platforms. In this work, we introduce engineered noise into a one-dimensional ten-qubit superconducting quantum processor to emulate a generic many-body open quantum system. Our approach originates from the stochastic unravellings of the master equation. By measuring the end-to-end correlation, we identify multiple steady states stemmed from a strong symmetry, which is established on the modified Hamiltonian via Floquet engineering. Furthermore, we investigate the structure of the steady-state manifold by preparing initial states as a superposition of states within different sectors on a five-qubit chain. Our work provides a manageable and hardware-efficient strategy for the open-system quantum simulation.
Author
Li Li
Chinese Academy of Sciences
Tong Liu
Chinese Academy of Sciences
Chalmers, Microtechnology and Nanoscience (MC2), Quantum Technology
Xue Yi Guo
Chinese Academy of Sciences
He Zhang
Chinese Academy of Sciences
Silu Zhao
Chinese Academy of Sciences
Zheng An Wang
Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences
Zhongcheng Xiang
Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale
Chinese Academy of Sciences
Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences
Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory
Xiaohui Song
Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale
Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences
Chinese Academy of Sciences
Yu Xiang Zhang
Chinese Academy of Sciences
Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale
Kai Xu
Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory
Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale
Chinese Academy of Sciences
Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences
Heng Fan
Chinese Academy of Sciences
Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale
Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences
Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory
Dongning Zheng
Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory
Chinese Academy of Sciences
Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale
npj Quantum Information
20566387 (eISSN)
Vol. 11 1 2Subject Categories (SSIF 2025)
Condensed Matter Physics
Other Physics Topics
DOI
10.1038/s41534-025-00958-6