Additive manufacturing of functionally graded magnetic materials

Book chapter, 2025

Functionally graded magnetic materials (FGMM) are gaining attention for their ability to provide site-specific multiproperties, making them suitable for advanced applications in energy, aerospace, and electronics. This chapter focuses on the additive manufacturing (AM) of FGMM, beginning with an introduction to the principles of functionally graded materials (FGM) and FGMM. It discusses AM techniques used for their fabrication and reviews progress in FGMM, including Fe–Si alloys, finemet-based alloys, Co–Fe, Ni–Fe, Fe–Co–Ni, and complex concentrated magnetic alloys. The challenges related to process optimization, material design, and sustainability are highlighted, along with potential directions for future research and applications.