Injury Frequencies and Injury Risks in Frontal Car Crashes for AIS2+ and AIS1 Injuries that may lead to Long-Term Impairment – a GIDAS investigation

Paper in proceeding, 2025

Field data analyses of real-world crashes are essential to improve car crash injury prevention efforts. As anexample, focused car crash epidemiology studies increase our knowledge about who is most frequently injuredand who is at higher injury risk [1]. The number of people injured in car crashes is several times higher than thenumber of fatalities. Therefore, non-fatal crashes should also be considered when deciding what injuryprevention measures should be taken to further improve the protection performance in cars [2-3]. In fact, mostof the injuries leading to long-term impairment are of AIS1 ‘minor’ level [3-5], where injuries to the cervical spineand upper and lower extremities show the highest risk of leading to long-term impairment [5]. Previous efforts infield data analysis have had a focus on moderate (AIS2+) and/or more severe injuries (AIS3+) when identifyingpotential areas of safety improvement. Therefore, the current study is designed to provide insights into howinjury frequency, injury risk, and injury pattern observations vary when AIS1 injuries with a high risk of sustaininglong-term impairment are compared with a conventional picture, where only AIS2+ or AIS3+ injuries are included.