The urban economy as a scale-free network
Journal article, 2003

Abstract Power laws in socioeconomic systems are generally explained as being generated by multiplicative growth of aggregate objects. In this paper we formulate a model of geographic activity distribution with spatial correlations on the level of land lots where multiplicative growth is assumed to be dominant but not exclusive. The purpose is to retain the explanatory power of earlier models due to Simon, Gibrat and others while attaining some additional properties that are attractive for both empirical and modelling purposes. In this sense, the model presented here is a combination of the two factors that have been identified as central to urban evolution but rarely appear unified in the same model: transportation costs and multiplicative growth. The model is an elaboration of a previously reported complex network model of geographical land value evolution. We reproduce statistical properties of an empirical geographical distribution of land values on multiple hierarchical levels: land value per unit area, cluster areas, aggregated land value per cluster and cluster area/perimeter ratios. It is found that transportation effects are not strong enough to disturb the power law distribution of land values per unit area but strong enough to sort nodes to generate a new set of power laws on a higher level of aggregation. The main hypothesis is that all these relations can be understood as consequences of an underlying growing scale-free network of geographic economic interdependencies.

Land values

Random multiplicative growth

Spatial networks

Urban growth

Power laws

Complex networks

Author

Claes Andersson

Chalmers, Department of Physical Resource Theory

Anders Hagson

Department of Urban Design and Planning

Alexander Hellervik

Kristian Lindgren

Chalmers, Department of Physical Resource Theory

Jonas Tornberg

Chalmers, School of Architecture

Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications

0378-4371 (ISSN)

Vol. 345 1 227-244

Areas of Advance

Transport

Building Futures (2010-2018)

Subject Categories

Physical Sciences

More information

Created

10/8/2017