Predictive Cruise Controller for Electric Vehicle to Save Energy and Extend Battery Lifetime
Journal article, 2023

Electric vehicles are considered the most effective solution to the petroleum crisis and reduction of air pollution. In order to enhance energy efficiency and battery lifetime, this paper designs a predictive cruise controller (EC) for electric vehicles. Road information and traffic preview are employed for velocity planning while minimizing energy usage, maintaining battery health, and avoiding collision with a lead vehicle. To enable real-time implementation, we apply a model predictive control (MPC) framework formulated in space domain, and approximation and relaxation are introduced to obtain a smooth nonlinear program. Simulation results indicate that the proposed controller yields suboptimal performance as compared to the globally optimal solution. For higher practicability on real-life scenarios, we develop an enhanced EC that is capable of optimizing the stopping of the ego vehicle. According to the car-following studies where the lead vehicle is driven using real-life data, the enhanced EC achieves ${7.14}{\%}$ energy saving and ${29.81}{\%}$ battery life extension when compared to the intelligent driving model. The computation time of ${40}{ms}$ per MPC update also demonstrates its potential for real-time applications.

Electric vehicle

Time headway

Vehicle dynamics

Lead

Torque

Energy management

Battery health

Batteries

Velocity planning strategy

Roads

Computational modeling

State of charge

Author

Fei Ju

Nanjing University of Science and Technology

Nikolce Murgovski

Chalmers, Electrical Engineering, Systems and control

Weichao Zhuang

Southeast University

Qun Wang

Nanjing University of Science and Technology

Liangmo Wang

Nanjing University of Science and Technology

IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology

0018-9545 (ISSN) 1939-9359 (eISSN)

Vol. 72 1 469-482

Subject Categories

Vehicle Engineering

Control Engineering

Computer Systems

DOI

10.1109/TVT.2022.3208932

More information

Latest update

2/22/2023