Assessing the human gut microbiota in metabolic diseases.
Reviewartikel, 2013

Recent findings have demonstrated that the gut microbiome complements our human genome with at least 100-fold more genes. In contrast to our Homo sapiens-derived genes, the microbiome is much more plastic, and its composition changes with age and diet, among other factors. An altered gut microbiota has been associated with several diseases, including obesity and diabetes, but the mechanisms involved remain elusive. Here we discuss factors that affect the gut microbiome, how the gut microbiome may contribute to metabolic diseases, and how to study the gut microbiome. Next-generation sequencing and development of software packages have led to the development of large-scale sequencing efforts to catalog the human microbiome. Furthermore, the use of genetically engineered gnotobiotic mouse models may increase our understanding of mechanisms by which the gut microbiome modulates host metabolism. A combination of classical microbiology, sequencing, and animal experiments may provide further insights into how the gut microbiota affect host metabolism and physiology.

Författare

Fredrik Karlsson

Chalmers, Kemi- och bioteknik, Livsvetenskaper

Valentina Tremaroli

Göteborgs universitet

Jens B Nielsen

Chalmers, Kemi- och bioteknik, Livsvetenskaper

Fredrik Bäckhed

Göteborgs universitet

Diabetes

00121797 (ISSN) 1939327X (eISSN)

Vol. 62 10 3341-9

Ämneskategorier

Medicinska grundvetenskaper

Infrastruktur

C3SE (Chalmers Centre for Computational Science and Engineering)

DOI

10.2337/db13-0844

PubMed

24065795

Mer information

Senast uppdaterat

2024-01-03