Layer Formation on Feldspar Bed Particles during Indirect Gasification of Wood. 2. Na-Feldspar
Artikel i vetenskaplig tidskrift, 2019

Selecting a suitable bed material for the thermochemical conversion of a specific feedstock in a fluidized bed system requires identification of the characteristics of potential bed materials. An essential part of these characteristics is the interaction of the bed material with feedstock ash in a fluidized bed, which leads to layer formation and morphology changes. For this purpose, the interaction of feldspar bed material with the main ash-forming elements in wood ash (Ca, K, Mg, Si) in an indirect gasification system was analyzed using SEM-EDS, XRD, and thermodynamic modeling. In part 1 of this work (DOI: 10.1021/acs.energyfuels.9b01291), the layer formation on K-feldspar dominated by Ca reaction and ash deposition was investigated. The aim of this second part of the work was to determine the time-dependent layer formation on Na-feldspar and compare the results with the findings for K-feldspar. Interaction of Na-feldspar with ash-derived elements resulted in different layers on Na-feldspar: K reaction layers, where K replaced Na and Si shares decreased; Ca reaction layers, where Ca enriched and reacted with the Na-feldspar; and ash deposition layers, where wood ash elements accumulated on the surface. Ca reaction layers were formed first and became continuous on the surface before K reaction layers and ash deposition layers were detected. Cracks and crack layer formation in the Na-feldspar particles were found after several days of operation. The layer compositions and growth rates indicate that the diffusion of Ca and K plays an essential role in the formation of Ca reaction and K reaction layers. The reaction with Ca and the crack formation coincide with the interaction previously found for quartz and K-feldspar. In contrast to K-feldspar, Na-feldspar showed high potential for reaction with K. The findings indicate that the reaction of Na- feldspar with ash-derived K makes Na-feldspar a less stable bed material than K-feldspar during the thermochemical conversion of K-rich feedstocks in a fluidized bed system.

Författare

Thomas Karl Hannl

Luleå tekniska universitet

Robin Faust

Chalmers, Kemi och kemiteknik, Energi och material

Matthias Kuba

Bioenergy 2020+ GmbH

Umeå universitet

Luleå tekniska universitet

Technische Universität Wien

Pavleta Knutsson

Chalmers, Kemi och kemiteknik, Energi och material

Teresa Berdugo Vilches

Chalmers, Rymd-, geo- och miljövetenskap, Energiteknik

Martin Seemann

Chalmers, Rymd-, geo- och miljövetenskap, Energiteknik

Marcus Öman

Luleå tekniska universitet

Energy & Fuels

0887-0624 (ISSN) 1520-5029 (eISSN)

Vol. 33 8 7333-7346

Ämneskategorier

Oorganisk kemi

Energiteknik

Materialkemi

Bioenergi

Styrkeområden

Energi

Materialvetenskap

Infrastruktur

Chalmers materialanalyslaboratorium

DOI

10.1021/acs.energyfuels.9b01292

Mer information

Senast uppdaterat

2022-03-28