Machine Learning Based Methods for Virtual Validation of Autonomous Driving
Licentiatavhandling, 2021
In this thesis, we investigate methods for validating AD functionality in virtual simulation environments, using methods from machine learning and statistics. The main focus is on how to make virtual simulations resemble real-world conditions as closely as possible. We tackle this with an approach based on sensor error modeling. Specifically, we develop a statistical sensor error model that can be used to make ideal object measurements from simulations resemble measurements obtained from the perception system of a real-world vehicle. The model, which is based on autoregressive recurrent mixture density networks, was trained on sensor error data collected on European roads.
The second part considers system falsification using reinforcement learning (RL); a flexible framework for validation of system safety, which naturally allows for the integration of, e.g., sensor error models. We compare results of system falsification using RL to an exact approach based on reachability analysis.
With this thesis, we take steps towards more realistic statistical sensor error models for virtual simulation environments. We also demonstrate that approximate methods based on reinforcement learning may serve as an alternative to reachability analysis for validation of high-dimensional systems. Finally, we connect the RL falsification application to sensor error modeling as a possible direction for future research.
AD Simulation
Virtual Validation
Sensor Error Modeling
Falsification
Autonomous Driving
Validation
Mixture Density Networks
Författare
Tobias Johansson
Data Science och AI 1
Tobias Johansson, Anders Ödblom, Alexander Schliep. ”Autoregressive Mixture Density Networks for Sensor Error Generation in Autonomous Driving”
Ämneskategorier
Annan data- och informationsvetenskap
Robotteknik och automation
Styrkeområden
Transport
Utgivare
Chalmers