Investigating the architecture and internal structure of the TOI-561 system planets with CHEOPS, HARPS-N, and TESS
Artikel i vetenskaplig tidskrift, 2022
We present a precise characterization of the TOI-561 planetary system obtained by combining previously published data with TESS and CHEOPS photometry, and a new set of 62 HARPS-N radial velocities (RVs). Our joint analysis confirms the presence of four transiting planets, namely TOI-561 b (P = 0.45 d, R = 1.42 R-circle plus, M = 2.0 M-circle plus), c (P = 10.78 d, R = 2.91 R-circle plus, M = 5.4 M-circle plus), d (P = 25.7 d, R = 2.82 R-circle plus, M = 13.2 M-circle plus), and e (P = 77 d, R = 2.55 R-circle plus, M = 12.6 R-circle plus). Moreover, we identify an additional, long-period signal (>450 d) in the RVs, which could be due to either an external planetary companion or to stellar magnetic activity. The precise masses and radii obtained for the four planets allowed us to conduct interior structure and atmospheric escape modelling. TOI-561 b is confirmed to be the lowest density (rho(b) = 3.8 +/- 0.5 g cm(-3)) ultra-short period (USP) planet known to date, and the low metallicity of the host star makes it consistent with the general bulk density-stellar metallicity trend. According to our interior structure modelling, planet b has basically no gas envelope, and it could host a certain amount of water. In contrast, TOI-561 c, d, and e likely retained an H/He envelope, in addition to a possibly large water layer. The inferred planetary compositions suggest different atmospheric evolutionary paths, with planets b and c having experienced significant gas loss, and planets d and e showing an atmospheric content consistent with the original one. The uniqueness of the USP planet, the presence of the long-period planet TOI-561 e, and the complex architecture make this system an appealing target for follow-up studies.
planets and satellites: fundamental parameters
techniques: radial velocities
techniques: photometric
stars: individual: TOI-561 (TIC 377064495, Gaia EDR3 3850421005290172416)
planets and satellites: interiors
Författare
G. Lacedelli
Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)
Università di Padova
T. G. Wilson
University of St Andrews
L. Malavolta
Università di Padova
Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)
M. J. Hooton
Universität Bern
A. Collier Cameron
University of St Andrews
Y. Alibert
Universität Bern
Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)
A. Mortier
University of Cambridge
A. Bonfanti
Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften
R. D. Haywood
University of Exeter
S. Hoyer
Aix-Marseille Université
G. Piotto
Università di Padova
Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)
A. Bekkelien
Université de Genève
A. M. Vanderburg
University of Wisconsin Madison
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
W. Benz
Universität Bern
X. Dumusque
Université de Genève
A. Deline
Université de Genève
M. Lopez-Morales
Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics
L. Borsato
Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)
K. Rice
University of Edinburgh
L. Fossati
Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften
D. W. Latham
Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics
A. Brandeker
Stockholms universitet
E. Poretti
Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)
S. G. Sousa
Universidade do Porto
A. Sozzetti
Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)
S. Salmon
Université de Genève
C. J. Burke
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
V. Van Grootel
Universite de Liège
M. M. Fausnaugh
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
V Adibekyan
Universidade do Porto
C. X. Huang
University of Southern Queensland
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
H. P. Osborn
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
Universität Bern
A. J. Mustill
Lunds universitet
E. Palle
Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias
V Bourrier
Université de Genève
V Nascimbeni
Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)
R. Alonso
Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias
Universidad de la Laguna
G. Anglada
Centre Tecnològic de Telecomunicacions de Catalunya (CTTC)
Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
T. Barczy
Admatis
D. Barrado y Navascues
Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
S. C. C. Barros
Universidade do Porto
W. Baumjohann
Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften
M. Beck
Université de Genève
T. Beck
Universität Bern
N. Billot
Université de Genève
X. Bonfils
Université Grenoble Alpes
C. Broeg
Universität Bern
L. A. Buchhave
Danmarks Tekniske Universitet (DTU)
J. Cabrera
Deutsches Zentrums für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR)
S. Charnoz
Université Paris Descartes
R. Cosentino
Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)
Sz Csizmadia
Deutsches Zentrums für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR)
M. B. Davies
Lunds universitet
M. Deleuil
Aix-Marseille Université
L. Delrez
Universite de Liège
O. Demangeon
Universidade do Porto
B. -o Demory
Universität Bern
D. Ehrenreich
Université de Genève
A. Erikson
Deutsches Zentrums für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR)
E. Esparza-Borges
Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias
Universidad de la Laguna
H. G. Floren
Stockholms universitet
A. Fortier
Universität Bern
Malcolm Fridlund
Chalmers, Rymd-, geo- och miljövetenskap, Astronomi och plasmafysik
D. Futyan
Université de Genève
D. Gandolfi
Universita degli Studi di Torino
M. Gillon
Universite de Liège
M. Gudel
Universität Wien
P. Guterman
Institut National des Sciences de l'Univers
Aix-Marseille Université
A. Harutyunyan
Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)
K. Heng
Universität Bern
The University of Warwick
K. G. Isaak
Europeiska rymdorganisationen (ESA)
J. M. Jenkins
National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
L. Kiss
Konkoly Observatory
Eötvös Loránd University (ELTE)
J. Laskar
Sorbonne Université
A. Lecavelier des Etangs
Sorbonne Université
M. Lendl
Université de Genève
C. Lovis
Université de Genève
D. Magrin
Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)
L. Marafatto
Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)
A. F. Martinez Fiorenzano
Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)
P. F. L. Maxted
Keele University
M. Mayor
Université de Genève
G. Micela
Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)
E. Molinari
Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)
F. Murgas
Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias
N. Narita
Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias
University of Tokyo
Astrobiology Center, Japan
G. Olofsson
Stockholms universitet
R. Ottensamer
Universität Wien
I Pagano
Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)
A. Pasetti
Hasso-Plattner-Institut fur Softwaresystemtechnik GmbH
M. Pedani
Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)
F. A. Pepe
Université de Genève
G. Peter
Deutsches Zentrums für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR)
D. F. Phillips
Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics
D. Pollacco
The University of Warwick
D. Queloz
Université de Genève
University of Cambridge
R. Ragazzoni
Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)
Università di Padova
N. Rando
Europeiska rymdorganisationen (ESA)
F. Ratti
Europeiska rymdorganisationen (ESA)
H. Rauer
Deutsches Zentrums für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR)
Technische Universität Berlin
Freie Universität Berlin
I Ribas
Centre Tecnològic de Telecomunicacions de Catalunya (CTTC)
Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
N. C. Santos
Universidade do Porto
D. Sasselov
Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics
G. Scandariato
Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)
S. Seager
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
D. Segransan
Université de Genève
L. M. Serrano
Universita degli Studi di Torino
A. E. Simon
Universität Bern
A. M. S. Smith
Deutsches Zentrums für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR)
M. Steinberger
Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften
M. Steller
Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften
Gy Szabo
Eötvös Loránd University (ELTE)
N. Thomas
Universität Bern
J. D. Twicken
National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
SETI Institute
S. Udry
Université de Genève
N. Walton
University of Cambridge
J. N. Winn
Princeton University
Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
0035-8711 (ISSN) 1365-2966 (eISSN)
Vol. 511 3 4551-4571Ämneskategorier (SSIF 2011)
Oorganisk kemi
Fysikalisk kemi
Astronomi, astrofysik och kosmologi
DOI
10.1093/mnras/stac199