Uncovering the true periods of the young sub-Neptunes orbiting TOI-2076
Artikel i vetenskaplig tidskrift, 2022
Context. TOI-2076 is a transiting three-planet system of sub-Neptunes orbiting a bright (G = 8.9 mag), young (340 +/- 80 Myr) K-type star. Although a validated planetary system, the orbits of the two outer planets were unconstrained as only two non-consecutive transits were seen in TESS photometry. This left 11 and 7 possible period aliases for each. Aims. To reveal the true orbits of these two long-period planets, precise photometry targeted on the highest-probability period aliases is required. Long-term monitoring of transits in multi-planet systems can also help constrain planetary masses through TTV measurements. Methods. We used the MonoTools package to determine which aliases to follow, and then performed space-based and ground-based photometric follow-up of TOI-2076 c and d with CHEOPS, SAINT-EX, and LCO telescopes. Results. CHEOPS observations revealed a clear detection for TOI-2076 c at P = 21.01538(-0.00074)(+0.00084) d, and allowed us to rule out three of the most likely period aliases for TOI-2076 d. Ground-based photometry further enabled us to rule out remaining aliases and confirm the P = 35.12537 +/- 0.00067 d alias. These observations also improved the radius precision of all three sub-Neptunes to 2.518 +/- 0.036, 3.497 +/- 0.043, and 3.232 +/- 0.063 R-circle plus. Our observations also revealed a clear anti-correlated TTV signal between planets b and c likely caused by their proximity to the 2:1 resonance, while planets c and d appear close to a 5:3 period commensurability, although model degeneracy meant we were unable to retrieve robust TTV masses. Their inflated radii, likely due to extended H-He atmospheres, combined with low insolation makes all three planets excellent candidates for future comparative transmission spectroscopy with JWST.
stars: individual: TOI-2076
techniques: photometric
planets and satellites: detection
Författare
H. P. Osborn
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
Universität Bern
A. Bonfanti
Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften
D. Gandolfi
Universita degli Studi di Torino
C. Hedges
Bay Area Environmental Research Institute (BAER)
NASA Ames Research Center
A. Leleu
Université de Genève
A. Fortier
Universität Bern
D. Futyan
Université de Genève
P. Gutermann
Aix-Marseille Université
Institut National des Sciences de l'Univers
P. F. L. Maxted
Keele University
L. Borsato
Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)
K. A. Collins
Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics
J. Gomes da Silva
Universidade do Porto
Y. Gomez Maqueo Chew
Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
M. J. Hooton
Universität Bern
M. Lendl
Université de Genève
H. Parviainen
Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias
Universidad de la Laguna
S. Salmon
Université de Genève
N. Schanche
Universität Bern
L. M. Serrano
Universita degli Studi di Torino
S. G. Sousa
Universidade do Porto
A. Tuson
University of Cambridge
S. Ulmer-Moll
Université de Genève
V. Van Grootel
Universite de Liège
R. D. Wells
Universität Bern
T. G. Wilson
University of St Andrews
Y. Alibert
Universität Bern
R. Alonso
Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias
Universidad de la Laguna
G. Anglada
Institut d'Estudis Espacials de Catalunya (IEEC)
Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
J. Asquier
Europeiska rymdorganisationen (ESA)
D. Barrado y Navascues
Centro de Astrobiología (INTA-CSIC)
W. Baumjohann
Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften
T. Beck
Universität Bern
W. Benz
Universität Bern
F. Biondi
Max-Planck-Institut für extraterrestrische Physik
Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)
X. Bonfils
Université Grenoble Alpes
F. Bouchy
Université de Genève
A. Brandeker
Stockholms universitet
C. Broeg
Universität Bern
T. Barczy
Admatis
S. C. C. Barros
Universidade do Porto
J. Cabrera
Deutsches Zentrums für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR)
S. Charnoz
Université Paris Descartes
A. Collier Cameron
University of St Andrews
S. Csizmadia
Deutsches Zentrums für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR)
M. B. Davies
Lunds universitet
M. Deleuil
Aix-Marseille Université
L. Delrez
Universite de Liège
B-O Demory
Universität Bern
D. Ehrenreich
Université de Genève
A. Erikson
Deutsches Zentrums für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR)
L. Fossati
Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften
Malcolm Fridlund
Chalmers, Rymd-, geo- och miljövetenskap, Astronomi och plasmafysik
M. Gillon
Universite de Liège
M. A. Gomez-Munoz
Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
M. Gudel
Universität Wien
K. Heng
The University of Warwick
Universität Bern
S. Hoyer
Aix-Marseille Université
K. G. Isaak
Europeiska rymdorganisationen (ESA)
L. Kiss
Magyar Tudomanyos Akademia
Eötvös Loránd University (ELTE)
J. Laskar
Sorbonne Université
A. Lecavelier des Etangs
Sorbonne Université
C. Lovis
Université de Genève
D. Magrin
Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)
L. Malavolta
Università di Padova
Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)
J. McCormac
The University of Warwick
V Nascimbeni
Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)
G. Olofsson
Stockholms universitet
R. Ottensamer
Universität Wien
I Pagano
Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)
E. Palle
Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias
Universidad de la Laguna
G. Peter
Deutsches Zentrums für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR)
D. Piazza
Universität Bern
G. Piotto
Università di Padova
Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)
D. Pollacco
The University of Warwick
D. Queloz
University of Cambridge
Université de Genève
R. Ragazzoni
Università di Padova
Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)
N. Rando
Europeiska rymdorganisationen (ESA)
H. Rauer
Technische Universität Berlin
Deutsches Zentrums für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR)
C. Reimers
Universität Wien
I Ribas
Institut d'Estudis Espacials de Catalunya (IEEC)
Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
O. D. S. Demangeon
Universidade do Porto
A. M. S. Smith
Deutsches Zentrums für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR)
L. Sabin
Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México
N. Santos
Universidade do Porto
G. Scandariato
Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)
U. Schroffenegger
Universität Bern
R. P. Schwarz
Patashnick Voorheesville Observatory
A. Shporer
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
A. E. Simon
Universität Bern
M. Steller
Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften
G. M. Szabo
Eötvös Loránd University (ELTE)
D. Segransan
Université de Genève
N. Thomas
Universität Bern
S. Udry
Université de Genève
I Walter
Deutsches Zentrums für Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR)
N. Walton
University of Cambridge
Astronomy and Astrophysics
0004-6361 (ISSN) 1432-0746 (eISSN)
Vol. 664 A156Ämneskategorier
Astronomi, astrofysik och kosmologi
Biomedicinsk laboratorievetenskap/teknologi
Signalbehandling
DOI
10.1051/0004-6361/202243065