Water in the terrestrial planet-forming zone of the PDS 70 disk
Artikel i vetenskaplig tidskrift, 2023
Terrestrial and sub-Neptune planets are expected to form in the inner (less than 10 au) regions of protoplanetary disks 1. Water plays a key role in their formation 2–4, although it is yet unclear whether water molecules are formed in situ or transported from the outer disk 5,6. So far Spitzer Space Telescope observations have only provided water luminosity upper limits for dust-depleted inner disks 7, similar to PDS 70, the first system with direct confirmation of protoplanet presence 8,9. Here we report JWST observations of PDS 70, a benchmark target to search for water in a disk hosting a large (approximately 54 au) planet-carved gap separating an inner and outer disk 10,11. Our findings show water in the inner disk of PDS 70. This implies that potential terrestrial planets forming therein have access to a water reservoir. The column densities of water vapour suggest in-situ formation via a reaction sequence involving O, H2 and/or OH, and survival through water self-shielding 5. This is also supported by the presence of CO2 emission, another molecule sensitive to ultraviolet photodissociation. Dust shielding, and replenishment of both gas and small dust from the outer disk, may also play a role in sustaining the water reservoir 12. Our observations also reveal a strong variability of the mid-infrared spectral energy distribution, pointing to a change of inner disk geometry.
Författare
G. Perotti
Max-Planck-Gesellschaft
Valentin Christiaens
Universite de Liège
T. Henning
Max-Planck-Gesellschaft
Benoît Tabone
Institut d'Astrophysique Spatiale
Lbfm Waters
Radboud Universiteit
Netherlands Institute for Space Research (SRON)
I. Kamp
Rijksuniversiteit Groningen
G. Olofsson
Stockholms universitet
Sierra L. Grant
Max-Planck-Gesellschaft
Danny Gasman
KU Leuven
J. Bouwman
Max-Planck-Gesellschaft
Matthias Samland
Max-Planck-Gesellschaft
R. Franceschi
Max-Planck-Gesellschaft
E. F. van Dishoeck
Universiteit Leiden
Max-Planck-Gesellschaft
Kamber Schwarz
Max-Planck-Gesellschaft
M. Gudel
Max-Planck-Gesellschaft
Universität Wien
Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich (ETH)
P. O. Lagage
Université Paris-Saclay
Tom Ray
Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies
B. Vandenbussche
KU Leuven
Alain Abergel
Institut d'Astrophysique Spatiale
O. Absil
Universite de Liège
Aditya M. Arabhavi
Rijksuniversiteit Groningen
Ioannis Argyriou
KU Leuven
D. Barrado
Centro de Astrobiologia (CAB)
Anthony Boccaletti
Observatoire de Paris
A. Caratti o. Garatti
Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies
Osservatorio Astronomico di Capodimonte
V. C. Geers
Royal Observatory
A. M. Glauser
Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich (ETH)
Kay Justtanont
Chalmers, Rymd-, geo- och miljövetenskap, Astronomi och plasmafysik
F. Lahuis
Netherlands Institute for Space Research (SRON)
M. Mueller
Rijksuniversiteit Groningen
Cyrine Nehmé
Université Paris-Saclay
E. Pantin
Université Paris-Saclay
S. Scheithauer
Max-Planck-Gesellschaft
C. Waelkens
KU Leuven
Rodrigo Guadarrama
Universität Wien
Hyerin Jang
Radboud Universiteit
Jayatee Kanwar
Institut fur Weltraumforschung
Rijksuniversiteit Groningen
Technische Universität Graz
M. Morales-Calderon
Centro de Astrobiologia (CAB)
Nicole Pawellek
Universität Wien
Donna Rodgers-Lee
Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies
J. Schreiber
Max-Planck-Gesellschaft
L. Colina
Centro de Astrobiologia (CAB)
T. R. Greve
Danmarks Tekniske Universitet (DTU)
G. Östlin
The Oskar Klein Centre
G. Wright
Royal Observatory
Nature
0028-0836 (ISSN) 1476-4687 (eISSN)
Vol. 620 7974 516-520Ämneskategorier
Astronomi, astrofysik och kosmologi
DOI
10.1038/s41586-023-06317-9
PubMed
37488359