TOI-332 b: a super dense Neptune found deep within the Neptunian desert
Artikel i vetenskaplig tidskrift, 2023
To date, thousands of planets have been discovered, but there are regions of the orbital parameter space that are still bare. An example is the short period and intermediate mass/radius space known as the 'Neptunian desert', where planets should be easy to find but discoveries remain few. This suggests unusual formation and evolution processes are responsible for the planets residing here. We present the discovery of TOI-332 b, a planet with an ultra-short period of 0.78 d that sits firmly within the desert. It orbits a K0 dwarf with an effective temperature of 5251 ± 71 K. TOI-332 b has a radius of R, smaller than that of Neptune, but an unusually large mass of 57.2 ± 1.6 M. It has one of the highest densities of any Neptune-sized planet discovered thus far at g cm-3. A 4-layer internal structure model indicates it likely has a negligible hydrogen-helium envelope, something only found for a small handful of planets this massive, and so TOI-332 b presents an interesting challenge to planetary formation theories. We find that photoevaporation cannot account for the mass-loss required to strip this planet of the Jupiter-like envelope it would have been expected to accrete. We need to look towards other scenarios, such as high-eccentricity migration, giant impacts, or gap opening in the protoplanetary disc, to try and explain this unusual discovery.
planets and satellites: detection
planets and satellites: individual: (TOI-332, TIC 139285832)
Författare
A. Osborn
The University of Warwick
D. J. Armstrong
The University of Warwick
Jorge Fernández Fernández
The University of Warwick
Henrik Knierim
Universität Zürich
V. Adibekyan
Universidade do Porto
Karen A. Collins
Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics
E. Delgado Mena
Universidade do Porto
Malcolm Fridlund
Chalmers, Rymd-, geo- och miljövetenskap, Astronomi och plasmafysik
J. Gomes da Silva
Universidade do Porto
Coel Hellier
Keele University
David G. Jackson
Queen's University Belfast
George W King
Max-Planck-Gesellschaft
University of Michigan
J. Lillo-Box
Centro de Astrobiologia (CAB)
Rachel A. Matson
US Naval Observatory
Elisabeth Matthews
Max-Planck-Gesellschaft
N. C. Santos
Universidade do Porto
S.G. Sousa
Universidade do Porto
Keivan G. Stassun
Vanderbilt University
Thiam Guan Tan
Perth Exoplanet Survey Telescope
George R. Ricker
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
Roland K. Vanderspek
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
D. W. Latham
Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics
S. Seager
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
J. N. Winn
Princeton University
Jon M. Jenkins
NASA Ames Research Center
D. Bayliss
The University of Warwick
L. Bouma
California Institute of Technology (Caltech)
D. R. Ciardi
National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
Kevin I. Collins
George Mason University
K. D. Colón
NASA Goddard Space Flight Center
I. J.M. Crossfield
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
O. Demangeon
Universidade do Porto
R. F. Diaz
Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas
C. Dorn
Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich (ETH)
X. Dumusque
Université de Genève
Marcelo Aron Fetzner Keniger
The University of Warwick
P. Figueira
Université de Genève
Universidade do Porto
Tianjun Gan
Tsinghua University
Robert Goeke
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
A. Hadjigeorghiou
The University of Warwick
F. Hawthorn
The University of Warwick
R. Helled
Universität Zürich
S.B. Howell
NASA Ames Research Center
L. D. Nielsen
European Southern Observatory (ESO)
H. P. Osborn
Universität Bern
Samuel N. Quinn
Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics
Ramotholo Sefako
South African Astronomical Observatory
Avi Shporer
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
P. A. Strøm
The University of Warwick
J. D. Twicken
NASA Ames Research Center
SETI Institute
A. Vanderburg
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
P. J. Wheatley
The University of Warwick
Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
0035-8711 (ISSN) 1365-2966 (eISSN)
Vol. 526 1 548-566Ämneskategorier
Astronomi, astrofysik och kosmologi
Annan fysik
DOI
10.1093/mnras/stad2575