A Search for Pulsars around Sgr A* in the First Event Horizon Telescope Data Set
Artikel i vetenskaplig tidskrift, 2023
In 2017 the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) observed the supermassive black hole at the center of the Milky Way, Sagittarius A* (Sgr A*), at a frequency of 228.1 GHz (lambda = 1.3 mm). The fundamental physics tests that even a single pulsar orbiting Sgr A* would enable motivate searching for pulsars in EHT data sets. The high observing frequency means that pulsars-which typically exhibit steep emission spectra-are expected to be very faint. However, it also negates pulse scattering, an effect that could hinder pulsar detections in the Galactic center. Additionally, magnetars or a secondary inverse Compton emission could be stronger at millimeter wavelengths than at lower frequencies. We present a search for pulsars close to Sgr A* using the data from the three most sensitive stations in the EHT 2017 campaign: the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array, the Large Millimeter Telescope, and the IRAM 30 m Telescope. We apply three detection methods based on Fourier-domain analysis, the fast folding algorithm, and single-pulse searches targeting both pulsars and burst-like transient emission. We use the simultaneity of the observations to confirm potential candidates. No new pulsars or significant bursts were found. Being the first pulsar search ever carried out at such high radio frequencies, we detail our analysis methods and give a detailed estimation of the sensitivity of the search. We conclude that the EHT 2017 observations are only sensitive to a small fraction (less than or similar to 2.2%) of the pulsars that may exist close to Sgr A*, motivating further searches for fainter pulsars in the region.
Författare
Pablo Torne
Max-Planck-Gesellschaft
Institut de Radioastronomie Millimétrique (IRAM)
Kuo Liu
Max-Planck-Gesellschaft
Ralph P. Eatough
Max-Planck-Gesellschaft
Chinese Academy of Sciences
Jompoj Wongphechauxsorn
Max-Planck-Gesellschaft
James M. Cordes
Cornell University
Gregory Desvignes
Max-Planck-Gesellschaft
Université Paris Descartes
Mariafelicia De Laurentis
Johann Wolfgang Goethe Universität Frankfurt am Main
Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare
Universita degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
Michael Kramer
University of Manchester
Max-Planck-Gesellschaft
Scott M. Ransom
National Radio Astronomy Observatory
Shami Chatterjee
Cornell University
Robert Wharton
California Institute of Technology (Caltech)
Ramesh Karuppusamy
Max-Planck-Gesellschaft
Lindy Blackburn
Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics
Harvard University
Michael Janssen
Max-Planck-Gesellschaft
Chi-Kwan Chan
University of Arizona
Geoffrey B. Crew
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
Lynn D. Matthews
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
Ciriaco Goddi
Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)
Universita degli Studi di Cagliari
Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare
Universidade de Sao Paulo (USP)
Helge Rottmann
Max-Planck-Gesellschaft
Jan Wagner
Max-Planck-Gesellschaft
Salvador Sanchez
Institut de Radioastronomie Millimétrique (IRAM)
Ignacio Ruiz
Institut de Radioastronomie Millimétrique (IRAM)
Federico Abbate
Max-Planck-Gesellschaft
Geoffrey C. Bower
University of Hawaii
Academia Sinica
Juan J. Salamanca
Universidad de Oviedo
Arturo I. Gomez-Ruiz
Inst Nacl Astrofis Optic & Elect
Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia Mexico
Alfredo Herrera-Aguilar
Benemerita Univ Autonoma Puebla
Wu Jiang
Chinese Academy of Sciences
Ru-Sen Lu
Chinese Academy of Sciences
Max-Planck-Gesellschaft
Ue-Li Pen
Canadian Institute for Advanced Research
Academia Sinica
University of Toronto
Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics
Alexander W. Raymond
Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics
Harvard University
Lijing Shao
Beijing University of Technology
Max-Planck-Gesellschaft
Zhiqiang Shen
Chinese Academy of Sciences
Gabriel Paubert
Institut de Radioastronomie Millimétrique (IRAM)
Miguel Sanchez-Portal
Institut de Radioastronomie Millimétrique (IRAM)
Carsten Kramer
Institut de Radioastronomie Millimétrique (IRAM)
Manuel Castillo
Institut de Radioastronomie Millimétrique (IRAM)
Santiago Navarro
Institut de Radioastronomie Millimétrique (IRAM)
David John
Institut de Radioastronomie Millimétrique (IRAM)
Karl-Friedrich Schuster
Institut de Radioastronomie Millimétrique (IRAM)
Michael D. Johnson
Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics
Harvard University
Kazi L. J. Rygl
Italian ALMA Regional Centre
Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)
Kazunori Akiyama
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
Harvard University
Universidade de Sao Paulo (USP)
Antxon Alberdi
Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
Walter Alef
Max-Planck-Gesellschaft
Juan Carlos Algaba
University of Malaya
Richard Anantua
Harvard University
Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics
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Keiichi Asada
Academia Sinica
Rebecca Azulay
Max-Planck-Gesellschaft
Universitat de Valencia
Uwe Bach
Max-Planck-Gesellschaft
Anne-Kathrin Baczko
Chalmers, Rymd-, geo- och miljövetenskap, Onsala rymdobservatorium
David Ball
University of Arizona
Mislav Balokovic
Yale University
John Barrett
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
Michi Baubock
University of Illinois
Bradford A. Benson
University of Chicago
Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory
Dan Bintley
East Asian Observatory
James Clerk Maxwell Telescope
Raymond Blundell
Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics
Katherine L. Bouman
California Institute of Technology (Caltech)
Hope Boyce
McGill University
Michael Bremer
Institut de Radioastronomie Millimétrique (IRAM)
Christiaan D. Brinkerink
Radboud Universiteit
Roger Brissenden
Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics
Harvard University
Silke Britzen
Max-Planck-Gesellschaft
Avery E. Broderick
Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics
University of Waterloo
Dominique Broguiere
Institut de Radioastronomie Millimétrique (IRAM)
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Radboud Universiteit
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University of Massachusetts
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Univ Chicago, Enrico Fermi Inst, 5640 S Ellis Ave
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Harvard University
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Harvard University
Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics
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Academia Sinica
Yongjun Chen
Chinese Academy of Sciences
Xiaopeng Cheng
Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute
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Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
Pierre Christian
Fairfield Univ, Dept Phys, 1073 N Benson Rd
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Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics
University of Illinois
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Chalmers, Rymd-, geo- och miljövetenskap, Onsala rymdobservatorium
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Univ Chicago, Kavli Inst Cosmol Phys, 5640 S Ellis Ave
University of Chicago
Alejandro Cruz-Osorio
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Johann Wolfgang Goethe Universität Frankfurt am Main
Yuzhu Cui
Zhejiang Lab
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Columbia University
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Rhodes University
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Netherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy (ASTRON)
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University of Colorado at Boulder
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University of Illinois
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Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics
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University of Arizona
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Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics
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Radboud Universiteit
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Las Cumbres Observatory Global Telescope Network
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Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
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National Radio Astronomy Observatory
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University of Arizona
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Harvard University
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University of Illinois
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Institut de Radioastronomie Millimétrique (IRAM)
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University of Waterloo
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Syddansk Universitet
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Chinese Academy of Sciences
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Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics
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National Astronomical Observatory of Japan
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McGill University
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Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics
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Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
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Rijksuniversiteit Groningen
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University of Arizona
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Beijing University of Technology
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East Asian Observatory
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The Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI)
University of Tokyo
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Academia Sinica
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Chinese Academy of Sciences
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Inst Nacl Astrofis Optic & Elect
Shiro Ikeda
The Institute of Statistical Mathematics
University of Tokyo
National Astronomical Observatory of Japan
The Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI)
C. M. Violette Impellizzeri
Universiteit Leiden
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Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics
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Boston University
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Chinese Academy of Sciences
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Universiteit Van Amsterdam
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Universitat de Valencia
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University of Illinois
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National Institute of Technology, Hachinohe College
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Chinese Academy of Sciences
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Inst Nacl Astrofis Optic & Elect
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University of Arizona
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University of Massachusetts
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Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics
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Joint Institute for VLBI in Europe (JIVE)
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University of Science and Technology (UST)
Yonsei University
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Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
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University of Massachusetts
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California Institute of Technology (Caltech)
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University of Lethbridge
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Harvard University
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University of Arizona
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Seoul National University
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University of Illinois
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Joint Institute for VLBI in Europe (JIVE)
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University of New Mexico
Chalmers, Rymd-, geo- och miljövetenskap, Onsala rymdobservatorium
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Radboud Universiteit
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Chinese Academy of Sciences
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University of Science and Technology of China
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Chinese Academy of Sciences
Astrophysical Journal
0004-637X (ISSN) 1538-4357 (eISSN)
Vol. 959 1 14Onsala rymdobservatorium infrastruktur
Vetenskapsrådet (VR) (2017-00648), 2018-01-01 -- 2021-12-31.
Ämneskategorier (SSIF 2011)
Astronomi, astrofysik och kosmologi
DOI
10.3847/1538-4357/acf4f2