Maximizing the safety and sustainability of MXenes
Artikel i vetenskaplig tidskrift, 2024
Safe and Sustainable by Design (SSbD) is a new regulatory concept guiding chemical and material innovation. The European Commission has recommended a two-stage SSbD framework and plan to revise it based on stakeholder feedback. The framework involves establishing key (re)design SSbD principles and assessment of the final innovation, however the applicability of the framework to advanced materials remains to be addressed. Here, we applied the SSbD framework on Ti3C2Tx MXenes, an emerging advanced material, by (1) reviewing health, environmental and safety information; (2) characterizing MXenes transformation/dissolution in different media; (3) conducting (eco)toxicological experiments, and (4) completing a prospective life-cycle assessment. Our analysis suggests that Ti3C2Tx is safe and sustainable when applying the SSbD framework. Further research is needed regarding long-term hazardous effects of Ti3C2Tx and the sustainable production of the titanium precursor. Guidance is also needed on how much weight one should assign to the different lines of evidence in the overall SSbD assessment.
Safe and sustainable by design
Advanced materials
MXenes
Life cycle assessment
Författare
Steffen Foss Hansen
Danmarks Tekniske Universitet (DTU)
Maria Bille Nielsen
Danmarks Tekniske Universitet (DTU)
Lars Michael Skjolding
Danmarks Tekniske Universitet (DTU)
Jasreen Kaur
Karolinska Institutet
Nindya Desivyana
Chalmers, Teknikens ekonomi och organisation, Environmental Systems Analysis
Frida Hermansson
IVL Svenska Miljöinstitutet
Chalmers, Teknikens ekonomi och organisation, Environmental Systems Analysis
James Bird
University of Manchester
Suelen Barg
Universität Augsburg
Alexander Khort
Kungliga Tekniska Högskolan (KTH)
Inger Odnevall
Kungliga Tekniska Högskolan (KTH)
Bengt Fadeel
Karolinska Institutet
Rickard Arvidsson
Chalmers, Teknikens ekonomi och organisation, Environmental Systems Analysis
Scientific Reports
2045-2322 (ISSN) 20452322 (eISSN)
Vol. 14 1 31030Ämneskategorier (SSIF 2011)
Materialteknik
Nanoteknik
Miljömedicin och yrkesmedicin
DOI
10.1038/s41598-024-82063-w