The LOFAR Two-metre Sky Survey: Deep Fields Data Release 2 I. The ELAIS-N1 field
Artikel i vetenskaplig tidskrift, 2025

We present the final 6 '' resolution data release of the ELAIS-N1 field from the LOw-Frequency ARray (LOFAR) Two-metre Sky Survey Deep Fields project (LoTSS Deep). The 144 MHz images are the most sensitive achieved to date at this frequency and were created from 290 TB of data obtained from 505 h on-source observations taken over 7.5 years. The data were processed following the strategies developed for previous LoTSS and LoTSS Deep data releases. The resulting images span 24.53 square degrees, and using a refined source detection approach, we identified 154 952 radio sources formed from 182 184 Gaussian components within this area. The maps reach a noise level of 10.7 mu Jy beam(-1) at 6 '' resolution, where approximately half of the noise is due to source confusion. In about 7.4% of the image, our limited dynamic range around bright sources results in a further > 5% increase in the noise. The images have a flux density scale accuracy of about 9%, and the standard deviation of offsets between our source positions and those from Pan-STARRS is 0.2 '' in RA and Dec for high significance detections. We searched individual epoch images for variable sources, identifying 39 objects with considerable variation. We also searched for circularly polarised sources, achieving three detections of previously known emitters (two stars and one pulsar) whilst constraining the typical polarisation fraction plus leakage to be less than 0.045%.

techniques: image processing

surveys

radio continuum: general

catalogs

Författare

T. W. Shimwell

Netherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy (ASTRON)

Universiteit Leiden

C. L. Hale

University of Edinburgh

University of Oxford

P. N. Best

University of Edinburgh

A. Botteon

Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)

A. Drabent

Thüringer Landessternwarte Tautenburg

M. J. Hardcastle

University of Hertfordshire

V. Jelic

Ruder Boskovic Institute

J. M. G. H. J. de Jong

Universiteit Leiden

R. Kondapally

University of Edinburgh

H. J. A. Roettgering

Universiteit Leiden

C. Tasse

Rhodes University

Université de recherche Paris Sciences et Lettres

R. J. van Weeren

Universiteit Leiden

W. L. Williams

Jodrell Bank Observatory

A. Bonafede

Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)

Universita di Bologna

M. Bondi

Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)

M. Brueggen

Universität Hamburg

G. Brunetti

Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)

J. R. Callingham

Netherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy (ASTRON)

Universiteit Leiden

F. De Gasperin

Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)

K. J. Duncan

University of Edinburgh

Cathy Horellou

Chalmers, Rymd-, geo- och miljövetenskap, Astronomi och plasmafysik

S. Iyer

Universiteit Van Amsterdam

I. de Ruiter

Universiteit Van Amsterdam

K. Malek

Narodowe Centrum Badań Jądrowych

D. G. Nair

Universidad de Concepción

Max-Planck-Gesellschaft

L. K. Morabito

Durham University

I. Prandoni

Istituto nazionale di astrofisica (INAF)

A. Rowlinson

Universiteit Van Amsterdam

Netherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy (ASTRON)

A. Shulevski

Universiteit Van Amsterdam

Netherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy (ASTRON)

Rijksuniversiteit Groningen

D. J. B. Smith

University of Hertfordshire

F. Sweijen

Durham University

Astronomy and Astrophysics

0004-6361 (ISSN) 1432-0746 (eISSN)

Vol. 695 A80

Ämneskategorier (SSIF 2025)

Signalbehandling

Astronomi, astrofysik och kosmologi

DOI

10.1051/0004-6361/202452930

Mer information

Senast uppdaterat

2025-03-25