Characterization of the Three-Flavor Composition of Cosmic Neutrinos with IceCube
Artikel i vetenskaplig tidskrift, 2026
The flavor composition of cosmic neutrinos probes both the physical properties of their sources and oscillations over energies and distances unreachable by terrestrial experiments. Using 11.4 yr of IceCube data, we analyze the flavor composition of the all-sky neutrino flux from 5 TeV-10 PeV, significantly lowering the analysis threshold from a previous minimum of 35 TeV. The best-fit flavor fractions are f(e); f(mu); f(tau) = 0.30(-0.15)(+0.20) , 0.37(-0.16)(+0.14), 0.33(-0.25)(+0.24) . For the first time, we report that neutrinos of all three flavors are present in the observed cosmic neutrino flux at > 90% confidence level. We infer the flavor composition at their sources, finding good agreement with pion decay while pure neutron decay is disfavored, with posterior probability 2.7 & times; 10(-5) (similar to 4 sigma).
Författare
R. Abbasi
Loyola University of Chicago
M. Ackermann
Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY)
J. Adams
University of Canterbury
S. K. Agarwalla
University of Wisconsin Madison
Institute of Physics Bhubaneswar
J. A. Aguilar
Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB)
S. Ali
University of Kansas
N. M. Amin
University of Delaware
K. Andeen
Marquette University
C. Arguelles
Harvard University
Y. Ashida
University of Utah
S. Athanasiadou
Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY)
S. N. Axani
University of Delaware
X. Bai
South Dakota School of Mines & Technology
J. Baines-Holmes
University of Wisconsin Madison
V. A. Balagopal
University of Delaware
University of Wisconsin Madison
S. W. Barwick
University of California
S. Bash
Technische Universität München
V. Basu
University of Utah
R. Bay
University of California
J. J. Beatty
Ohio State University
J. Becker Tjus
P. Behrens
RWTH Aachen University
C. Bellenghi
Technische Universität München
B. Benkel
Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY)
D. Berley
University of Maryland
E. Bernardini
Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare
Università di Padova
D. Z. Besson
University of Kansas
E. Blaufuss
University of Maryland
L. Bloom
University of Alabama
S. Blot
Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY)
I. Bodo
University of Wisconsin Madison
F. Bontempo
Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT)
J. Y. Book Motzkin
Harvard University
C. Boscolo Meneguolo
Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare
Università di Padova
S. Boser
Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz
J. Bottcher
RWTH Aachen University
J. Braun
University of Wisconsin Madison
B. Brinson
Georgia Institute of Technology
Z. Brisson-Tsavoussis
Queen's University
R. T. Burley
University of Adelaide
D. Butterfield
University of Wisconsin Madison
M. A. Campana
Drexel University
K. Carloni
Harvard University
J. Carpio
University of Nevada, Las Vegas
S. Chattopadhyay
University of Wisconsin Madison
Institute of Physics Bhubaneswar
N. Chau
Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB)
Z. Chen
State University of New York (SUNY)
D. Chirkin
University of Wisconsin Madison
S. Choi
University of Utah
B. A. Clark
University of Maryland
P. Coleman
RWTH Aachen University
G. H. Collin
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
D. A. Coloma Borja
Università di Padova
A. Connolly
Ohio State University
J. M. Conrad
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
D. F. Cowen
Pennsylvania State University
C. De Clercq
Vrije Universiteit Brüssel (VUB)
J. J. DeLaunay
Pennsylvania State University
D. Delgado
Harvard University
T. Delmeulle
Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB)
S. Deng
RWTH Aachen University
P. Desiati
University of Wisconsin Madison
K. D. de Vries
Vrije Universiteit Brüssel (VUB)
G. de Wasseige
Universite catholique de Louvain
J. C. Diaz-Velez
University of Wisconsin Madison
T. Ding
University of Nevada, Las Vegas
M. Dittmer
Universität Münster
A. Domi
Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen Nurnberg (FAU)
L. Draper
University of Utah
L. Dueser
RWTH Aachen University
D. Durnford
University of Alberta
K. Dutta
Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz
M. A. DuVernois
University of Wisconsin Madison
T. Ehrhardt
Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz
L. Eidenschink
Technische Universität München
A. Eimer
Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen Nurnberg (FAU)
P. Eller
Technische Universität München
R. Engel
Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT)
H. Erpenbeck
University of Wisconsin Madison
W. Esmail
Universität Münster
S. Eulig
Harvard University
J. Evans
University of Maryland
P. A. Evenson
University of Delaware
K. L. Fan
University of Maryland
K. Fang
University of Wisconsin Madison
K. Farrag
Chiba University
A. R. Fazely
Southern University and A&M College
A. Fedynitch
Academia Sinica
N. Feigl
Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
C. Finley
Stockholms universitet
L. Fischer
Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY)
D. Fox
Pennsylvania State University
A. Franckowiak
Ruhr-Universität Bochum
S. Fukami
Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY)
P. Furst
RWTH Aachen University
J. Gallagher
University of Wisconsin Madison
E. Ganster
RWTH Aachen University
A. Garcia
Harvard University
M. Garcia
University of Delaware
G. Garg
University of Wisconsin Madison
Institute of Physics Bhubaneswar
E. Genton
Universite catholique de Louvain
Harvard University
L. Gerhardt
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
A. Ghadimi
University of Alabama
J. G. Gonzalez
University of Delaware
S. Goswami
University of Nevada, Las Vegas
D. Grant
Simon Fraser University
S. J. Gray
University of Maryland
S. Griffin
University of Wisconsin Madison
D. Guevel
University of Wisconsin Madison
C. Gunther
RWTH Aachen University
C. Ha
Chung-Ang University
C. Haack
Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen Nurnberg (FAU)
L. Halve
RWTH Aachen University
F. Halzen
University of Wisconsin Madison
L. Hamacher
RWTH Aachen University
M. Ha Minh
Technische Universität München
M. Handt
RWTH Aachen University
K. Hanson
University of Wisconsin Madison
J. Hardin
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
P. Hatch
Queen's University
A. Haungs
Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT)
J. Haussler
RWTH Aachen University
J. Hellrung
Ruhr-Universität Bochum
L. Hennig
Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen Nurnberg (FAU)
F. Henningsen
Simon Fraser University
L. Heuermann
RWTH Aachen University
R. Hewett
University of Canterbury
A. Hidvegi
Stockholms universitet
C. Hill
Chiba University
G. c. Hill
University of Adelaide
R. Hmaid
Chiba University
K. D. Hoffman
University of Maryland
D. Hooper
University of Wisconsin Madison
S. Hori
University of Wisconsin Madison
K. Hoshina
University of Wisconsin Madison
University of Tokyo
M. Hostert
Harvard University
W. Hou
Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT)
M. Hrywniak
Stockholms universitet
T. Huber
Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT)
K. Hultqvist
Stockholms universitet
K. Hymon
Academia Sinica
A. Ishihara
Chiba University
W. Iwakiri
Chiba University
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O. Janik
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M. Jansson
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M. Jeong
University of Utah
M. Jin
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Harvard University
D. Kang
Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT)
W. Kang
Drexel University
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Universität Münster
T. Karg
Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY)
M. Karl
Technische Universität München
A. Karle
University of Wisconsin Madison
A. Katil
University of Alberta
M. Kauer
University of Wisconsin Madison
J. L. Kelley
University of Wisconsin Madison
M. Khanal
University of Utah
A. Khatee Zathul
University of Wisconsin Madison
A. Kheirandish
University of Nevada, Las Vegas
H. Kimku
Chung-Ang University
J. Kiryluk
State University of New York (SUNY)
C. Klein
Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen Nurnberg (FAU)
S. R. Klein
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
University of California
Y. Kobayashi
Chiba University
R. Koirala
University of Delaware
H. Kolanoski
Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
T. Kontrimas
Technische Universität München
L. Kopke
Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz
C. Kopper
Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen Nurnberg (FAU)
P. Koundal
University of Delaware
M. Kowalski
Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY)
A. Kravka
University of Utah
N. Krieger
Ruhr-Universität Bochum
J. Krishnamoorthi
University of Wisconsin Madison
T. Krishnan
Harvard University
K. Kruiswijk
Universite catholique de Louvain
A. Kumar
Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY)
E. Kun
Ruhr-Universität Bochum
N. Kurahashi
Drexel University
N. Lad
Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY)
C. Lagunas Gualda
Technische Universität München
L. Lallement Arnaud
Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB)
M. Lamoureux
Universite catholique de Louvain
M. J. Larson
University of Maryland
J. P. Lazar
Universite catholique de Louvain
A. Leszczynska
University of Delaware
J. Liao
Georgia Institute of Technology
C. Lin
University of Delaware
Q. R. Liu
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M. Liubarska
University of Alberta
C. Love
Drexel University
L. Lu
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F. Lucarelli
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University of California
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
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Harvard University
J. Madsen
University of Wisconsin Madison
E. Magnus
Vrije Universiteit Brüssel (VUB)
Y. Makino
University of Wisconsin Madison
E. Manao
Technische Universität München
S. Mancina
Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare
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A. Mand
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E. Moyaux
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T. Mukherjee
Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT)
R. Naab
Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY)
M. Nakos
University of Wisconsin Madison
J. Necker
Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY)
L. Neste
Stockholms universitet
M. Neumann
Universität Münster
K. Noda
Chiba University
A. Noell
RWTH Aachen University
A. Novikov
University of Delaware
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A. Olivas
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R. Orsoe
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V. Palusova
Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz
H. Pandya
University of Delaware
A. Parenti
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N. Park
Queen's University
E. N. Paudel
University of Alabama
L. Paul
South Dakota School of Mines & Technology
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Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY)
J. Peterson
University of Wisconsin Madison
M. Plum
South Dakota School of Mines & Technology
V. Poojyam
University of Alabama
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Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz
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University of Wisconsin Madison
R. Procter-Murphy
University of Maryland
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Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
L. Pyras
University of Utah
C. Raab
Universite catholique de Louvain
J. Rack-Helleis
Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz
N. Rad
Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY)
K. Rawlins
University of Alaska Anchorage
Z. Rechav
University of Wisconsin Madison
A. Rehman
University of Delaware
I. Reistroffer
South Dakota School of Mines & Technology
E. Resconi
Technische Universität München
S. Reusch
Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY)
C. D. Rho
Sungkyunkwan University
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B. Riedel
University of Wisconsin Madison
E. J. Roberts
University of Adelaide
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Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen Nurnberg (FAU)
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Chiba University
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University of Oxford
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Technische Universität München
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RWTH Aachen University
H. Schieler
Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT)
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Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz
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University of Delaware
P. Soldin
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
G. M. Spiczak
University of Maryland
C. Spiering
Georgia Institute of Technology
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Universiteit Gent
M. Stamatikos
Ohio State University
T. Stanev
University of Delaware
T. Stezelberger
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
G. W. Sullivan
University of Maryland
I. Taboada
Georgia Institute of Technology
S. Ter-Antonyan
Southern University and A&M College
A. Terliuk
Technische Universität München
A. Thakuri
South Dakota School of Mines & Technology
M. Thiesmeyer
University of Wisconsin Madison
W. G. Thompson
Harvard University
J. Thwaites
University of Wisconsin Madison
S. Tilav
University of Delaware
S. Toscano
Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB)
D. Tosi
University of Wisconsin Madison
A. Trettin
Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY)
A. K. Upadhyay
University of Wisconsin Madison
Institute of Physics Bhubaneswar
K. Upshaw
Southern University and A&M College
A. Vaidyanathan
Marquette University
N. Valtonen-Mattila
Ruhr-Universität Bochum
J. Valverde
Marquette University
J. Vandenbroucke
University of Wisconsin Madison
T. Van Eeden
Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY)
N. van Eijndhoven
Vrije Universiteit Brüssel (VUB)
J. van Santen
Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY)
J. Vara
Universität Münster
M. Venugopal
Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT)
M. Vereecken
Universite catholique de Louvain
S. Vergara Carrasco
University of Canterbury
S. Verpoest
University of Delaware
D. Veske
Columbia University
A. Vijai
University of Maryland
J. Villarreal
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
C. Walck
Stockholms universitet
A. Wang
Georgia Institute of Technology
E. H. S. Warrick
Southern University and A&M College
P. Weigel
Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
A. Weindl
Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT)
J. Weldert
Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz
A. Y. Wen
Harvard University
C. Wendt
University of Wisconsin Madison
M. Weyrauch
Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT)
C. H. Wiebusch
RWTH Aachen University
D. R. Williams
University of Alabama
M. Wolf
Technische Universität München
G. Wrede
Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen Nurnberg (FAU)
X. W. Xu
Southern University and A&M College
J. P. Yanez
University of Alberta
Y. Yao
University of Wisconsin Madison
E. Yildizci
University of Wisconsin Madison
S. Yoshida
Chiba University
R. Young
University of Kansas
F. Yu
Harvard University
S. Yu
University of Utah
T. Yuan
University of Wisconsin Madison
S. Yun-Carcamo
Drexel University
A. Zander Jurowitzki
Technische Universität München
A. Zegarelli
Ruhr-Universität Bochum
Z. Zhang
State University of New York (SUNY)
P. Zhelnin
Harvard University
P. Zilberman
University of Wisconsin Madison
Physical Review Letters
0031-9007 (ISSN) 1079-7114 (eISSN)
Vol. 137 8 081002Ämneskategorier (SSIF 2025)
Subatomär fysik
DOI
10.1103/vntd-m133