A modelling strategy for energy, carbon, and cost assessments of building stocks.
Journal article, 2013
This paper presents the Energy, Carbon and Cost Assessment for Building Stocks (ECCABS) model, which
is a bottom-up model to assess energy-saving measures (ESM) and carbon dioxide (CO2) mitigation
strategies in building stocks. The model is based on a one-zone hourly heat balance that calculates the
net energy demand for a number of buildings representative of the building stock and an additional code
for the input and output data. The model generates results in terms of delivered energy, associated CO2
emissions, and the costs of implementing different ESM. The results are extended to the entire building
stock by means of weighting factors. Empirical and comparative validations of the heat-balance modelling
of single buildings are presented. The building stock modelling is validated against the current Swedish
residential stock, for which the results of the modelling are in agreement with the statistical data. Using
the model to assess a number of ESM reveals that the energy usage of the Swedish residential sector can
be reduced by 55% and the associated CO2 emissions can be reduced by 63%, with most of the ESM being
cost–effective. The applicability of the model to countries other than Sweden is under investigation.
assessment
CO2 emission
Energy efficiency
energy saving measures
costs
building stock