Effects of a lacto-ovo-vegetarian diet on the plasma lipidome and its association with atherosclerotic burden in patients with coronary artery disease -a randomized, open-label, cross-over study
Journal article, 2020

A vegetarian diet has been associated with a lower risk of coronary artery disease (CAD). Plasma triacylglycerols, ceramides, and phosphatidylcholines may improve prediction of recurrent coronary events. We sought to investigate effects of a lacto-ovo-vegetarian diet (VD) on plasma lipidome in CAD patients and simultaneously assess associations of plasma lipids with the extent of coronary atherosclerotic burden. We analyzed 214 plasma lipids within glycerolipid, sphingolipid, and sterol lipid classes using lipidomics from a randomized controlled, crossover trial comprising 31 CAD patients on standard medical therapy. Subjects completed a four-week intervention with VD and isocaloric meat diet (MD), separated by a four-week washout period. The VD increased levels of 11 triacylglycerols and lowered 7 triacylglycerols, 21 glycerophospholipids, cholesteryl ester (18:0), and ceramide (d18:1/16:0) compared with MD. VD increased triacylglycerols with long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acyls while decreased triacylglycerols with saturated fatty acyls, phosphatidylcholines, and sphingomyelins than MD. The Sullivan extent score (SES) exhibited on coronary angiograms were inversely associated with triacylglycerols with long-chain unsaturated fatty acyls. Phosphatidylcholines that were lower with VD were positively associated with SES and the total number of stenotic lesions. The VD favorably changed levels of several lipotoxic lipids that have previously been associated with increased risk of coronary events in CAD patients.

Coronary artery disease

Lipidomics

Vegetarian diet

Randomized controlled trial

Author

Demir Djekic

Örebro läns landsting

Lin Shi

Chalmers, Biology and Biological Engineering, Food and Nutrition Science

Shaanxi Normal University

Fredrik Calais

Örebro läns landsting

Frida Carlsson

Chalmers, Biology and Biological Engineering, Food and Nutrition Science

Rikard Landberg

Umeå University

Chalmers, Biology and Biological Engineering, Food and Nutrition Science

Tuulia Hyötyläinen

Örebro University

Ole Fröbert

Örebro läns landsting

Nutrients

2072-6643 (ISSN) 20726643 (eISSN)

Vol. 12 11 1-16 3586

Subject Categories

Clinical Medicine

Public Health, Global Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology

Areas of Advance

Health Engineering

DOI

10.3390/nu12113586

PubMed

33238431

More information

Latest update

12/4/2020