Variations among Viruses in Influent Water and Effluent Water at a Wastewater Plant over One Year as Assessed by Quantitative PCR and Metagenomics
Journal article, 2020

Influent wastewater and effluent wastewater at the Rya treatment plant in Gothenburg, Sweden, were continuously monitored for enteric viruses by quantitative PCR (qPCR) during 1 year. Viruses in effluent wastewater were also identified by next-generation sequencing (NGS) in samples collected during spring, early summer, and winter. Samples of incoming wastewater were collected every second week. Seasonal variations in viral concentrations in incoming wastewater were found for noroviruses GII, sapovirus, rotavirus, parechovirus, and astrovirus. Norovirus GI and GIV and Aichi virus were present in various amounts during most weeks throughout the year, while hepatitis A virus, enterovirus, and adenovirus were identified less frequently. Fluctuations in viral concentrations in incoming wastewater were related to the number of diagnosed patients. The viruses were also detected in treated wastewater, however, with a 3- to 6-log10 reduction in concentration. Seven different hepatitis E virus (HEV) strains were identified in the effluents. Five of these strains belonged to genotype 3 and have been isolated in Sweden from swine, wild boars, and humans and in drinking water. The other two strains were divergent and had not been identified previously. They were similar to strains infecting rats and humans. Surveillance of enteric viruses in wastewater is a tool for early detection and follow-up of gastroenteritis outbreaks in society and for the identification of new viruses that can cause infection in humans.

HEV

qPCR

NGS

Aichi virus

human parechovirus

norovirus

Author

Hao Wang

University of Gothenburg

Julianna Neyvaldt

bioMerieux Sweden AB

Lucica Enache

Gryaab

Per Sikora

SciLife Labs

University of Gothenburg

Ann Mattsson

Gryaab

Anette Johansson

Gryaab

Magnus Lindh

Sahlgrenska University Hospital

University of Gothenburg

Olof Bergstedt

Chalmers, Architecture and Civil Engineering, Water Environment Technology

City of Gothenburg

Helene Norder

University of Gothenburg

Sahlgrenska University Hospital

Applied and Environmental Microbiology

0099-2240 (ISSN) 1098-5336 (eISSN)

Vol. 86 24 1-14

Subject Categories

Water Engineering

Infectious Medicine

Microbiology

Microbiology in the medical area

Water Treatment

Other Electrical Engineering, Electronic Engineering, Information Engineering

DOI

10.1128/aem.02073-20

PubMed

33036988

More information

Latest update

8/26/2024